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sculptures gandhar mehrgarh


Valle dell'Indo, Pakistan, AfganistanBattria-Margiana
Cultura BajaurCharsaddaGandhara
Cultura di MehrgarMohenjo Daro, HarappaCultura Nindowari
Impero Shunga Zhob 
Valle dell'Indo, Afganistan, Pakistan




Cultura Gandhar





source





118. Gandhara (PK), periodo ellenistico




206. Gandhara (PK), II-III Secolo d.C.




Cultura di Mehrgar





44. Valle dell'Indo, Mehrgahr. 2500 a.C.




43. Valle dell'Indo, Mehrgarh. III Mill. a.C.





110. Valle dell'Indo (Mergharh?). III Millennio a.C.





254. Valle dell'Indo, Merhgarh   (ingrandisci)




290. PK, Cultura di Mehrgarh. (ingrandisci)





289. PK, Cultura di Merhgarh





291. PK, Cultura di Merhgarh




Cultura Zhob





128. Valle dell'Indo, Zhob,
Pakistan (PK). Scena di parto. Senza data.





126. Valle dell'Indo, Zhob,
Pakistan (PK). Scena di parto. Senza data.





49. Valle dell'Indo, Zhob, Pakistan (PK), I Mill. a.C.

Proto-Shiva-Dravidian


Shiva The Oldest and First Known God or Human
SHIVA was Supreme Being; Lord of Divine Energy, Meditation, Arts, Yoga, Time, Destruction, Dance; Supreme Destroyer of Evil; Lord of The Devas (gods);
Member of Trimurti




Other names Mahesha, Shankara, Bholenath, Neelkanth, Mahadeva









Shiva is show in INDUS valley in yogic position , and INDUS is Dravidian Civilization , And meena Caste RAJASTHAN also had Dravidian DNA , so we can calim thet the Present SON and Daughter of God SHIVA is Present in Form of Meena or in form of every person with his name Like meena had connection with shiva's wife parvati's mother Mena Mainvati , ,,,,. Not just Meena You and all also the children Of god shiva who was Dravidian , and Manu the first man was our Ancient Ancestor's ancestor . MANU is son Of BRAHMA and SARSWATI , MANU encounter with MATSYA (TGF) in fish foam , manu was the king of DRAVIDIAN kingdom , so its also clear that our Ancient Ancestor's Ancestor was MANU and He was DRAVIDIAN . Now let's see how Meena -> Manu -> BRAHMA-< Shiva -> BRAHMA -< Vishnu -> Jyoti Niranjan





Meenas, Meena, Meenoat or Mina(मीणा) is a caste and community mainly found in Rajasthan(the land of kings[1] ), India. The name Mina is derived from Meen,meaning 'fish' in Sanskrit,[2][3][4] and the Minas claim descent from the Matsya Avatar, or fish incarnation, of Vishnu.[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]




Now You can Ask Any Question , about it ????





Im also going to think more about this Theory Of AAA(Ancient Ancientor's Ancestor)





The Hindu God Family Tree

SHIVA





Murudeshwar Shiva.jpg
Personal information
Consort
Parvati (Adi Parashakti, Sati, Durga, Kali, Mahakali)
Children
Ganesha, Kartikeya, Ashokasundari
Regional: Ayyappa[5][6]




PARVATI





WLA lacma Hindu Goddess Parvati Orissa.jpg
Personal information
Consort
Shiva
Children

Ganesha, Kartikeya, Ashokasundari
Parents
Himavan
Menā (Maināvati)[3][4]

Siblings
Ganga as elder sister, Vishnu as elder brother








Himavat





save image
Source wiki ( By C. Mackenzie Brown )




Śaivism Under the Imperial Cōl̲as as Revealed Through Their Monuments












save image
Source LORD kalyanasundara proceed to Himalayas to be wedded to the daughter of HIMVAN and MAINAVATI




Everest North Face toward Base Camp Tibet Luca Galuzzi 2006 edit 1.jpg
Personal information
Consort
Menavati
Children
Ganga
Parvati
Mainak

Parents
Brahma (father)
Siblings
Jambavan ( Younger brother)





parents of HIMVAN : strage but we belive God is every Thing this time god is in Form Of mountain and Had Daughter PARVATI , *HIMVAN'S wife Is Mena (Mainavati)





Parvati married with SHIVA and Had 3 Children





.............................................





Departure in Search of His (vishnu,shiva )Father Brahm





Vishnu's Departure in Search of His Father Brahm and Being Blessed by His Mother Durga




After this, Mother Durga (Prakriti) asked Vishnu, "Son, you may also search for your father." Vishnu, in search of his father (Kaal-Brahm), went to Patal lok (Nether world), where there was 'Shesh naag'. On seeing Vishnu entering into his jurisdiction, he sprayed his venom furiously on Vishnu. Vishnu's skin colour turned black under the effect of the venom, as if he was spray-painted. Vishnu thought of teaching the snake a lesson. Jyoti Niranjan (Kaal) thought of pacifying Vishnu and through an ethervoice, ordered Vishnu to go back to her mother and narrate the entire true account. Kaal also said to Vishnu that whatever trouble Sheshnaag has caused you now, you may take its revenge in Dwaparyug. In Dwaparyug, you (Vishnu) will incarnate as 'Krishna', and Sheshnaag will incarnate as a snake named 'Kalindri' in Kalideh (a river).





Unch hoi ke neech sataave, taakar oel (revenge) mohi so paavae | Jo jeev deyi peer puni kahoon, hum puni oel divaavein taahoon ||





Then, Vishnu came to his mother and told the truth that I did not see father. Mother Durga (Prakriti) was very pleased to hear the truth and said, "Son, you are truthful. Now I will introduce you to your father by my power and will remove all your doubts."





Kabir VaniKabir dekh putra tohi pita bhitaun, tore man ka dhokha mitaun | Man swaroop karta keh jaano, man te dooja aur na maano | Swarg patal daur man kera, man asthir man ahae anera | Nirankar man hi ko kahiye, man ki aas nish din rahiye | Dekh hoon palti sunya meh jyoti, jahan par jhilmil jhalar hoti ||





Durga's Blessing to Vishnu:




In this way, Mother Durga told Vishnu that man (mind) is the Doer of the world (which governs the world); this only is Jyoti Niranjan.





The thousand lights, which you see in meditation, only is his (Brahm's) appearance. The sound of conch shells and bells etc. which you hear are Brahm's only, and are ringing in Mahaswarg. 




Mother Durga said that son, you are the king of all gods and I will fulfil all your wishes and tasks. You will be worshipped in the whole world because you have told me the truth.





It is a particular habit of all the living beings in Kaal's twentyone brahmands that they try to uselessly glorify themselves. Like, Durga is telling Vishnu Ji that you will be worshipped in the world. I have shown your father to you. Durga misled Vishnu by only showing him the light. Shri Vishnu Ji also started explaining this state of God to his followers that only God's light is visible. God is formless.





Durga also asks Shiv to search for his Father:




After this, Aadi Bhavani (Durga) went to Rudra (Shiv / Mahesh / Mahadev) and said that Mahesh, you may also search for your father. Both of your brothers did not get to see your father. I have given them whatever I had to. Now you may ask whatever you want. Mahesh said, "Oh, mother! If both of my elder brothers did not get to see father, then it will be useless for me to try. Please give me such a blessing that I may become immortal (mrityunjay/win over death). Mother said, "I cannot do this. But, I can tell you a method by which you will attain the longest life.





The method is meditation (therefore, Mahadev Ji mostly remains in meditation)."




In this way, Mother Durga (Ashtangi / Prakriti) distributed the respective departments to her three sons -





God Brahma, to create bodies of 84 lakh species of life in Kaal lok (21 Brahmands of Kaal are also called Kaal Lok) i.e. gave him the department of producing living beings by compelling them for reproduction of offsprings under the effect of Rajogun (the effect of the feeling of having sex) .





To god Vishnu, the department of nurturing these living beings (according to their actions), and maintaining the state by developing love and affection.





To god Shiv Shankar (Mahadev), the department of destruction because their father Niranjan has to daily consume one-lakh human beings.





Here a question will arise in the mind that how do creation, preservation and destruction occur by Brahma, Vishnu and Shankar Ji.




These three live in their own loks. Like, these days to run the communication system, satellites are launched above in the sky, and they run the communication system on the Earth. Similarly, wherever these three gods live, the subtle (sukshm) waves of the gunas (qualities) radiating from their bodies automatically and maintain an effect on every living being in the three loks.




The above-mentioned description is of Brahm's (Kaal) creation in one Brahmand. There are twenty-one such brahmands of Kshar Purush (Kaal).





But Kshar Purush (Brahm/Kaal) himself never appears before anyone in his visible form i.e actual bodily form. The three gods (Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiv) did not see Brahm (Kaal) despite doing worship to the best of their ability based on the methods mentioned in the Vedas to achieve him (Kaal). Later, Rishis (sages) read the Vedas. In it, it is written that





 "AgneH Tanur Asi" (Holy Yajurved, Adhyay 1, Mantra 15) - the Supreme God has a body. 




In Holy Yajurved, Adhyay 5, Mantra 1, it is written that "AgneH Tanur Asi Vishnve Tva Somasya Tanur Asi". 




In this mantra, Ved is stating twice that the omnipresent and preserver of all, Sat Purush (Supreme God), has a body.





In Holy Yajurved, Adhyay 40, Mantra 8, it is said that (Kavir Manishi) the God for whom every living being is yearning, He is Kavir i.e. Kabir. His body is without blood vessels (Asanaaviram ) and is devoid of a physical body (Akaayam ) made up of the five elements formed from seminal fluid (Shukram´).




That Master of all is seated in the topmost Satlok. That Supreme God has a self-illuminated (Swarjyoti) body made up of the masses of lights (tejpunj), which is in shabd/word-form i.e. is eternal. He is the same KavirDev (Supreme God Kabir) who is the creator of all the brahmands (Vyaddhata), (SwayambhuH the first MAN of WORLD ) who appears Himself i.e. is self-existent (Yatha tathya arthan ) in reality (Shashvat´) is eternal (this is also evident in Gita, Adhyay 15, and Shlok 17).





It means that the name of the body of Supreme God is Kabir (Kavir Dev). The body of that Supreme God is made up of the element of light.





The body of God is very subtle and becomes visible to only that worshipper whose divine vision has opened up. Similarly, the living being also has a subtle body which is covered by a layer i.e. body made up of the five elements which is formed from the seminal fluid (shukram ) by the union of mother-father. Even after leaving the body, the subtle body remains with a living being. That body is only visible to a worshipper whose divine vision has opened up. Understand the state of the Supreme God and a living being in this way.





In Vedas, there is a evidence of chanting (Sumiran) 'Om ' mantra, which is only worship of Brahm. With this aim, considering the 'Om ' mantra as of the Purna Brahm, the sages (Rishis) tried to attain God by meditating (hath yog) for thousands of years. But did not see God, just gained supernatural powers (siddhis). By playing with those siddhis-like toys, the sages remained in the cycle of life and death and wrote God as 'formless' in the books based on their own experiences.





Brahm (Kaal) has pledged that I will never appear before anyone in my real form. I will be considered 'invisible' ('invisible' means that somebody is in form but does not manifest personally in physical form. Like, in the daytime the sun disappears as the sky becomes cloudy. It is not visible, but in reality, is present as it is behind the clouds; this state is called 'invisible'/unmanifested). [For evidence see Gita, Adhyay 7, Shloka 24 -25; Adhyay 11, Shloka 48 and 32].




Brahm (Kaal), the narrator of the Holy Gita Ji, by entering into Shri Krishan ji's body like a ghost, is saying, "Arjun, I am an enlarged Kaal and have come here to eat everyone (Gita Adhyay 11 Shlok 32). This is my original appearance, which neither could anybody see before you, nor would anyone be able to see in future. This means that nobody can see this original form of mine by the method of yagya-jap-tap35 and the 'Om ' naam etc. mentioned in the Vedas (Gita Adhyay 11 Shlok 48). I am not Krishna; these foolish people are considering the invisible/unmanifested me, as being visible/manifested (in human form) as Krishna because they are unaware of my bad policy that I never appear before anyone in this original Kaal form of mine. I remain hidden by my Yogmaya (Gita Adhyay 7 Shlok 24, 25). Please think: - Why is he himself calling his policy of remaining hidden as bad/inferior (anuttam)?





If a father does not even appear before his sons, then there is a fault in him because of which he is hidden, and is also providing all the facilities to them. Kaal (Brahm) has to daily eat one-lakh human beings because of the curse on him. He has created 84 lakh births/life forms (yoni) to fix the extra 25 percent born daily and to make them bear the punishment of their actions (karmas). If Brahm eats someone's daughter, someone's wife, someone's son, and motherfather in front of him or her then everybody will start hating him, and whenever the Supreme God Kaviragni (God Kabir) comes himself or sends any messenger (sandeshvaahak) of his, then all the human beings, by doing true devotion (Sat-bhakti) will get out of Kaal's trap. Therefore, Brahm deceives everyone. He also mentions the salvation (mukti) from his devotion as 'the worst' (Anuttamam ) and his policy as 'worst' (Anuttam ) in Holy Gita, Adhyay 7, Shlok 18, 24 and 25.





In the Brahmlok in every brahmand, he has built a Mahaswarg . In a Mahaswarg (Great Heaven), at one place he has created a fake Satlok - fake Alakh lok - fake Agamlok and fake Anami lok through Prakriti (Durga / Aadi Maya) to deceive the human beings. There is a shabd (hymn) of God Kabir "Kar naino deedaar mahal mein pyaara hai". In it there is a speech that "Kaaya bhed kiya nirvaara, yeh sab rachna pind manjhaara hai Maya avigat jaal pasaara, so kaarigar bhaara hai Aadi Maya kinhi chaturaai, jhuthi baaji pind dikhaai, avigat rachna rachi and maahi, vaaka pratibimb daara hai "





In a brahmand, there is creation of other loks also, like Shri Brahma ji's lok, Shri Vishnu ji's lok and Shri Shiv ji's lok. From here, the three gods become the master of and govern, one region in each of the three lower loks [(Swarg lok) Heaven which is Indra's lok, (Prithvi lok) Earth and (Patal lok) Nether world] and hold the responsibility of creating, preserving and destroying the living beings for the food of their father. The three gods also have births and deaths. Then Kaal eats them too.





In this very brahmand [a brahmand is also known as 'and' (egg-shaped) because a brahmand has an elliptical shape. It is also known as 'pind' (body) because a brahmand's creation can be seen in lotuses (kamal) in the body (pind) as in a television], there is also a Mansarover (a very big lake) and Dharmrai's (justice) lok. Like every country has an embassy, the Supreme God also lives in a different form, in a secret place, in every brahmand. Nobody can go there. Those souls live there whose Satlok's bhakti is balance yet. When bhakti Yug40 comes, then at that time, Supreme God Kabir ji sends His representative Complete Saint Satguru41 . At that time, these pious souls are born as human beings on earth and they soon acquire Sat bhakti (true devotion) and after taking initiation from Satguru attain complete salvation. The earlier earned bhakti of the pious souls (Hans-aatmas42) in that place does not get expended. All the facilities are provided from God's repository. Whereas, the bhakti earnings of Brahm's (Kaal) worshippers are utilized in the heaven - Mahaswarg because in this Kaal lok (Brahm lok) and Parbrahm's lok, the living beings only get returns for what they have done.





Kshar Purush (Brahm) has divided his twenty brahmands into four Mahabrahmands. In one Mahabrahmand, he has grouped five brahmands and has blocked them by encircling from all four sides in an elliptical shape. He has then blocked the four Mahabrahmands by encircling them in elliptical shape. He has created the twenty-first brahmand in the space of one Mahabrahmand. On just entering the twenty-first brahmand, he has built three pathways. In the twenty-first brahmand also, on the left hand side, has built fake Satlok, fake Alakh lok, fake Agam lok and fake Anami lok with the help of Aadi Maya (Durga), to deceive living beings. And on the right hand side, keeps the twelve greatest Brahm worshippers (Bhakts). Then, in every yug44 sends them on Earth as his messengers (sant satguru), who impart ways of worship and knowledge which are not in accordance with the Holy Scriptures, and who themselves become devotionless (bhaktiless) and also entangle their followers in Kaal's web. Then both that Guruji and his followers go to hell.





In the front, Kaal has put a lock (kuluf). That pathway goes to Kaal's (Brahm's) own lok where this Brahm (Kaal) lives in his actual human-like form. In this place there is a griddle-like piece of rock (which itself remains hot) on which, he roasts the subtle bodies of one-lakh human beings and taking out grime (mael) from them eats it. At that time all the living beings suffer from excruciating pain and start screaming and then after sometime become unconscious. The living beings do not die. Then after going to Dharmrai's45 lok obtain different births based on their karmas (deeds) and the cycle of life and death goes on. Brahm opens the aforesaid lock in front for fractions of a second for only those living beings who are his food. This lock itself opens up by Purna Parmatma's (Supreme God's) Satyanaam46 and Saarnaam47


video series 1-2 Video 1st -2nd and history i guess


Can i ask u a question, do you think about You’re self/Us?
Did you know who are we?
Who create and Why ?
Who is Our Ancient Ancestors?
Who create the God to establish the universe,
Because God also Human, and he lives with Ancient Human, our holy text explain about god.





.
So its obvious that someone else, created The God?
.
And please don't think that I am opposing The God, I am also Said the same thing that, who was The God of Ancient Ancestor's God?





.





.





history as i guess







1091



hi.
you're on a rock floating in space.
pretty cool, huh?
some of it's water.
fuck it, actually most of it's water.
i can't even get from here to there without buying a boat.
it's sad.
i'm sad.
i miss you.
how did this happen?
a long time ago, actually never, and also now, nothing is nowhere.
when?
never.
makes sense, right?
like i said, it didn't happen.
nothing was never anywhere.
that's why it's been everywhere.
.
it's been so everywhere you don't need a where.
you don't even need a when.
that's how every it gets.
forget this.
i wanna be something.
go somewhere.
do something.
i want things to change.
i want to invent time and space.
and i know it's possible because everything is here and it probably already happened.
i just don't know when to start.
and that's exactly where it started.
whoah, i paused it.
i think there's a universe now.
what's it made of?
quarks & stuff
ah, that's a thing.
in a place.
don't like it?
try a new place.
at a different time™.
try to stick together, because the world is gonna get bigger.
and emptier.
but it's not empty yet.
it's still very full, and about a kjghpillion degrees.
great news!
the quarks are now happily married, in groups of three called a proton or a neutron
and there's something else flying around too that wants to join in but can't cause it's still too
HOT


great news!
the protons and neutrons are now happily married to each other.
and some of them even doubled up.
great news, the electrons have now joined in
congratulations, the world is now a bunch of gas in space.
but it's getting closer together.
and it's getting closer together.
and it's getting closer toge-
it's a star
new shit just got made!
some stars burn out and die.
bigger stars burn out and die with passion, and make some brand new, way crazier shit.
space dust
which allows newer, more interesting stars to be made, and then die, and explode into
even crazier space dust
so now stars have cool stuff around them, like rocks, ice, and funny clouds, which can make some very interesting things.
like this ball of flaming rocks for example.
holy shit, we just got hit with another ball of flaming rocks.
and it kind of made a mess.
which is
now the moon
weather update:
it's raining rocks from outer space.
weather update:
those rocks might have had water inside them, and now there's hot steam in the sky.
weather update:
cooler temperatures today, and the floor is no longer lava.
weather update:
it's raining.
severe flooding alert:
the entire world is now an ocean.
volcano alert:
that's land!
there's life in the ocean
what?
something's alive in the ocean
oh cool, like a plant or an animal?
no, a microscopic speck.
it lives at the bottom of the ocean and eats chemical soup, which is being served hot and fresh, made from gnarly space ingredients left over from when it was raining rocks or whatever.
oh yeah, and it can do that.
it has secret instructions written inside itself telling it how to build another one of itself.
so that's pretty nifty, i would say.
tired of living at the bottom of the ocean?
now you can eat sunlight!
using a revolutionary technique, you can convert sunlight into food
taste the sun
side effect: now there's oxygen everywhere and the sky's blue.
then the earth might have been a snowball
for a while, maybe even a couple of times.
it's a sponge.
it's a plant.
it's a worm, and some other types of weird strange water bugs and strange fish.
it's the Cambrian explosion
"wow, that's animals and stuff"
but we're still in the ocean, hey, can we go on land? no,
why?
the sun is a deadly lazer
oh okay.
not anymore, there's a blanket
now the animals can go on land.
come on, animals, let's go on land!
nope, can't walk yet.
and there's no food yet, so i don't care.
ok, will you learn to walk if there's plants up here?
maybe, said some bugs, and fish.
ok, so i can go on land, but i have to go back in the water to
have babies
learn to use an egg.
i was already doing that.
use a stronger egg.
put water in it.
have a baby, on land, in an egg.
water is in the egg.
baby, in the egg, in the water, in the egg.
works for me.
bye bye ocean
and now everything's huge.
including bugs.
wanna see a map of the land?
sure.
oh fuck, now everything's dead.
just kidding, here are the survivors.
keep your eye on this one because it's about to become the dinosaurs.
here's another map of the land.
yeah, it broke apart, don't worry about it, it does that all the time.
here comes a meteor.
and the dinosaurs are gone
it's mammal time, here come the mammals.
look at those breasts.
now they're gonna dominate the world and one of them just learned how to grab stuff.
and walk.
no, like, walk like that.
and grab stuff at the same time.
and bang rocks together to make pointed rocks.
"ouch"
and set things on fire.
"yeouch"
and make crazy sounds with their voice.
"gneurshk"
which can mean different things.
that's a human person
and now they're everywhere.
almost.
ice age
what, you can walk over here?
cool.
not anymore
well i guess we're stuck here now.
let's review.
there's people on the planet.
and they're chasing their food.
fuck it, time to plant some grass.
look at this.
i control the food now.
now everyone will want to be my friend and live near me.
let's all build houses except mine is bigger because i own the food.
this is great, i wonder if anyone else is doing this.
tired of using rocks for everything?
use metal.
it's underground.
better farming was just invented, in a sweet dank valley right in between these two rivers.
and the animals are helping.
guess what happens next
more food.
and more people who came to buy the food.
now you need people to help make the food and keep track of the sales.
and now you need houses for people to live in and people to make the houses, and now there's more people and they invent things, which makes things better and more people come and there's more farming and more people to make more things for more people and now there's business, money, writing, laws, power.
Society
coming soon to a dank river valley near you.
meanwhile, out in the middle of nowhere, the horse is probably being tamed.
why is all my metal so lame and lumpy?
tired of using lame, sad metal?
introducing
Bronze
made with special ingredient tin from the far lands of tin land.
i don't know, my dealer won't tell me where he gets it.
also, guess what?
egypt
meanwhile, out in the middle of nowhere, they figured out how to put wheels on a horse.
now we're getting somewhere.
also
china
and did i mention
indus river valley civilization
norte chico
the middle east is getting more complicated, maybe because it's in the middle of the east.
knock knock, er, clop clop.
it's the people with the horses.
and they made an empire.
and then everyone else copied their horses.
greeks
ah look, it must be the greeks, er, a beta version of the greeks.
let's check in with the indus river valley civilization.
they're gone.
guess who's not gone?
china
new arrivals in india, maybe it's those horse people i was talking about, or their cousins or something . and they wrote some hymns and mantras and stuff
you could make a religion out of this.
there's the bronze age collapse.
now the phoenicians can get down to business
also, can we switch to a metal that's a little easier to find?
thanks.
look who came back to israel, it's the twelve tribes of israel.
and they believe in God
just 1 though, he's got like a ten step program.
here's some huge heads.
must be the olmecs.
the phoenicians make some colonies.
the greeks copy their idea and make some colonies.
the phoenicians made a colony so big it makes colonies.
here comes the assyrian empire.
never mind, it's the babylonian- median-
it's the Persian Empire
"wow, that's big"
ah, the buddha was just enlightened.
who's the buddha?
this guy, who sat under a tree for so long that he figured out how to ignore the fact that we're all dying.
you could make a religion out of this.
oops, china just broke, but while it was breaking, confucius was figuring out how to have good morals.
ah, the greeks just had the idea of thinking about stuff.
and right over here, alexander just had the idea of conquering the entire persian empire.
it's a great idea.
he was great.
and now he's dead.
hopefully the rest of the gang will be able to share the empire evenly between them.
knock knock, it's chandragupta, he says get the hell out of here.
will you get the hell out of here if i give you 500 elephants?
ok thanks, bye
time to conquer all of india
or
most of india
but what about this part?
that's the tamil kings, no one conquers the tamil kings.
who are the tamil kings?
merchants, probably
and they've got spices
who would like to buy the spices?
me, said the arabians, swiftly buying it and selling it to the rest of the world.
hey, china put itself back together again, with good morals as their main philosophy.
actually, they have three main philosophies.
out here, the horse nomads run wild and free, and they would like to ransack your city.
let's check the greekification levels of the greekified kingdoms.
greekification overload!
bye, said the parthians.
bye, said the jews.
hi, said the parthians, taking over the entire place.
heyyyyyyyy, said the romans, eating the entire mediterranean for breakfast.
thanks for invading our homeland, said the jews, who were starting to get tired of people invading their homeland.
hi, everything's great, said some guy who seems to be getting very popular and is then arrested and killed for being too popular, which only makes him more popular.
you could make a religion out of this.
want silk?
now you can buy it from china.
they just made a
brand new road to the world
or you can
get there on water
sick! new trade routes! said india, accidentally spreading their religion to the entire southeast.
hmm, that's a good place for an epic trading kingdom.
there goes buddhism traveling up the silk road.
i wonder if it'll reach china before it collapses again.
remember the persian empire?
yep, said the persians, making a new one.
axum is getting so powerful they would like to build a long stick.
has anyone populated madagascar yet?
let's do it together.
china is whole again
then it broke again
still can't cross the sahara desert?
try camels.
hell yeah! now we've got business
said the ghana empire, selling lots of gold, and slaves
hi, i live in the roman empire, and i was wondering
is loving jesus legal yet?
no.
actually, ok, sure, said constantine, moving the capital way over here to be closer to his
main rival
don't worry about rome, it won't fall.
it's the golden age of india
there's the gupta empire, not chandragupta, just gupta.
first name chandra.
the first.
guess who's in rome?
barbarians
what's a barbarian?
non-romans, said the romans, being invaded by non-romans.
r. i. p. , roman empire, er, actually just half of it, the other half is just fine, but it's not in rome anymore so let's give it a new name.
the mayans have figured out the stars
oh and here's a huge city, population: everyone
the göktürks have taken over the entire eurasian steppe.
great job, göktürks.
how's india?
broken.
how's china?
back together
how's those trading kingdoms?
bigger, and there's more of them
korea has 3 kingdoms.
japan has a kingdom, it's the sunrise kingdom.
deep in the arabian desert, on the top of a mountain, the real god whispers in muhammed's ear.
so he goes down to the cube where everyone worships gods and he tells them their gods are all fake.
and everyone got so mad at him that he had to leave town and go to a different town.
you could make a religion out of this.
and maybe conquer the world as well.
the roman empire is long gone, but somehow the pope is still the pope.
plus there's
new kingdoms all over europe
i wonder if there's room for moors.
here's all the wisdom.
in a house.
it's the baghdad house of wisdom.
just in time for the
islamic golden age
let's bring stuff to the coast and sell it, and become the swahili on the swahili coast, said the swahili on the swahili coast.
remember this tiny space you have to go through to get from here to there?
someone owns that now.
wanna get enlightened in the middle of nowhere?
the franks have the biggest kingdom in europe, and the pope is so proud that he invites the king over for christmas.
surprise! you're the new roman emperor, said the pope, pretending to still be part of the roman empire.
then the franks broke their kingdom into what will later be called france and not france.
but the northerners, or just norse if you don't have much time, are exploring.
they go north, from the north to the northern north.
and they find some land.
two types of land.
and they name them accordingly.
they also invade some other places, and get called many names, such as vikings.
there's the rus.
the kievan rus.
are they vikings?
i don't think so, said the kievan rus.
ok, fair enough.
the pope is ready to make some more emperors.
of the "roman empire".
the holy roman empire.
it's actually germany but don't worry about it.
new kingdoms.
christianize all the kingdoms
which brand would you like?
mine's better.
mine's better.
mine's better.
time to conquer england, said william.
it's a bird, it's a plane
it's the seljuk turks
aah! said the byzantine empire who's getting so small and almost doesn't exist anymore.
we need help!
they need help, so they call the pope.
hey pope, can you help us get rid of the seljuks?
maybe take back the holy land on the way?
come on, i know you want to take back the holy land.
yes, i do actually want to do that.
let's do a crusade.
crusade
they did many crusades, some of which almost didn't fail.
but at least the italians got some sweet trade deals.
goodbye mayans.
hello toltecs
goodbye toltecs.
hello mississippi
look at those mounds.
there's the pueblo.
i always wondered how to build a town in a cliff.
guess who's here?
khmer.
where?
here.
and pagan is there.
vietnam unconquered itself, korea just became itself, and japan is so addicted to art that the military might have to take over the government.
china just invented bombs, and typing.
and the mongols just invaded most of the universe.
nice going, Genghis!
i bet that will last a long time.
some of the islamic turks were unaffected by the mongol invasions because they were busy invading india.
is it tonga time?
i think it's tonga time.
i just found out where the swahili gets all their gold.
look at this chad.
means "lake".
there's an empire there.
right in the middle of
Africa
the king of mali is so rich he's going on tour to let everyone know.
wow, that guy's rich, everyone said.
the christians are doing a great job reconquering iberia, which will soon be called spain and not spain.
please remain christian.
we will check in later to see if you're still christian when you least expect.
whoops, half of europe just died.
ming
china's back, yay!
hey khmer, time to share.
new kingdoms here and there.
oh, look who controls all the islands.
it's the mahajapit.
majahapit.
mapajahit.
mahapajit.
mapajahit.
majapahit?
oh, italy's really rich, time for them to care a lot about art and the ancient classics.
it's kinda like a rebirth.
here's a printer.
let's make books.
so you think you can conquer the byzantine empire?
yep, said the ottoman turks.
nice job, ottoman turks.
whoops, you missed a spot.
don't forget to ban europe from the indian spice trade.
what? that's bullshit, said portugal, spiceless.
well i guess we'll have to find another way to india
wait! said christopher columbus, probably smoking crack.
if the world is round, let's go this way to india.
nah, don't worry, we already got this, said portugal.
so chris goes to spain.
hey spain, wanna hire me to find india by going around back of the world?
no.
please?
no.
please?
no.
please?
ok.
so he sails into the ocean.
and discovers more ocean.
and then discovers the indies.
and japan.
let's draw a line to decide who gets which half of the world.
the aztec and inca empires are off to a great start.
i wonder if they know that europe just discovered their continent?
the habsburgs are marrying into so many royal families they might have to start marrying each other.
move over lithuania, here comes moscow.
ivan wants to make russia great again.
move over timurids, maybe go invade india or something.
persia just made persia persian again.
let's make it the other kind of islam.
the one where we thought the first guy should have been the other guy.
hey christians!
do you sin?
now you can buy your way out of hell.
that's bullshit.
this whole thing is bullshit.
that's a scam.
fuck the church.
here's 95 reasons why, said martin luther, in his new book, which might have accidentally started the protestant reformation.
you know what would be magnificent, said suleiman, wearing an onion hat?
what if the ottoman empire was really big?
which it is now.
what if russia was big? said ivan, trying not to be terrible.
portugal had a dream that they controlled the entire indian ocean, including the spice trade.
and then that dream was real.
and spain realized that this is not india, but they pillaged it anyway.
damn, said england and france.
we gotta start pillaging some stuff.
then the dutch revolt and all the hipsters move to amsterdam.
damn, said amsterdam.
we gotta start pillaging some stuff.
question 1: can you get to india through north america?
no, but at least there's beaver.
question 2: steal the spice trade.
that's not a question, but the dutch did it anyway.
sugar
guess where all the sugar's made?
in brazil.
stolen
and the caribbean.
and it's so god damn profitable you might forget to not do slavery.
the next thing on russia's to-do list is to get bigger.
britain and france are having a friendly discussion about who should control the entire world.
more specifically, ohio.
then it escalates into a seven year discussion, giving prussia a chance to show austria who's boss.
but what about britain and france, did they figure out who's boss?
yes they did.
it's britain.
guess who's broke?
also britain.
so they start taxing the hell out of america.
fuck you, says america, declaring their independence, and fighting for it.
and france helps them win, now france is broke.
and britain'll have to send their prisoners to a different continent.
wait, if france is broke, why do the king and queen still wear such fancy dresses?
let's overthrow the palace and cut all their heads off! said robespierre, cutting everybody's head off until someone eventually got mad and cut his head off.
you could make a reli- no, don't.
haiti is staring to like the idea of a revolution.
especially the slaves, who free themselves by killing their masters.
why didn't we think of this before?
wait, who's in charge of france now?
me
said napoleon, trying to take over europe.
luckily, they banished him to an island.
but he came back
luckily, they banished him to another island.
there goes latin america, becoming independent in the latin american wars of independence.
britain just figured out how to turn steam into power.
so now they can make
many different types of machines and factories with machines in them so they can make a lot of products real fast
then they invent some trains.
and conquer india and maybe put some trains there.
hey, china! said britain.
buy stuff from us!
nah dude, we already got everything, says china.
so britain tried to get them addicted to opium.
which worked, actually.
but then china made it illegal and dumped it all into the sea.
so britain threw a hissy fit, and made them open up five cities and give them an island.
britain and russia are playing a game where they try to stop each other from conquering afghanistan.
also, the
sultan of oman lives in zanzibar now
"that's just where he lives"
india just had a revolution, and they would like to govern themselves now.
nope, said britain, governing them even harder than before.
technology is about to go crazy
the united states finally figured out whether slavery is good or bad.
it's bad, they decided.
and then they continued manifesting their destiny, which is to kill the rest of the natives and take their land and maybe kick out the mexicans too.
i know, let's rape africa, said europe, scrambling to see who could rape it the fastest.
they never got ethiopia
britain and france are still hungry.
they never got thailand
the united states ran out of destiny to manifest, so they're looking for more.
hawaii
cuba
wait, spain controls cuba.
well, blame something on them and go to war!
what should we blame on spain?
let's blame the maine on spain.
so they blame the maine on spain.
now we're in business.
to celebrate, they kick panama out of panama and make a canal, connecting the two oceans.
britain just found oil in the middle east.
it makes cars go
china is so tired of being bossed around that they delete their old government and make a new, stronger government, which is accidentally weaker and controlled by a guy from the previous government.
europe hasn't had a war since the last war.
so they start world war 1.
look at those guns.
it's gonna be a great war.
so great we won't need a second one.
after it's over, they blame germany.
russia went on strike and the workers overthrew the government.
now everyone's paycheck is the same.
communism
in the soviet union
the arabs revolt and britain helps.
now the ottoman empire's gone so we can give the
jewish people a place to live
hopefully the arabs won't mind.
let's cut the cake, said sykes and picot, carving up the remains of the not-so-ottoman-anymore empire.
except turkey, turkey makes a brand new turkey
and then the saudis conquer arabia.
it just seemed like the right thing to do.
hello?
yes, it's the 1920's calling.
let's get in the car and drive to a party and listen to jazz on the radio and go to the movies.
the economy's great and it'll probably be great forever, just kidding.
germany's back, featuring hitler, the angry mustache model.
and he's mad at the jews for existing.
japan is finally conquering the east, and they're so excited they rape nanking way too hard.
they should probably just deny it.
hitler's out of control.
so the international community tackles him and then tries to explain why killing all the jews is a bad idea.
but he kills himself before they could explain it to him.
that's world war 2
bonus round!
pacific showdown.
united states vs. japan.
fight!
finish him
let's unite all the nations and have some
world peace
seems legit.
hi, i'm gandhi, and if britain doesn't get the hell out of india, i'm gonna starve myself in public.
wow, that worked?
bonus, now there's pakistan.
actually two pakistans.
one of them can be bangladesh later.
the jews and the arabs finally figured out which one of them should live in the holy land.
me, they both said at the same time.
let's divide up the land so everyone's happy.
sike, they both get angrier
look out china, there's a new china in china.
what's on the menu?
communism!
no thanks, said the other china, escaping to an island.
i wonder which one is the real china?
there's the korean war, korea versus korea.
nobody wins, then it's on pause forever.
let's meet the sponsors.
oh, it's the two global superpowers.
they're having a friendly debate over which economic system is good, and which one is an evil virus of Satan.
and they both have atom bombs.
fight!
wait, no, that would be the end of the world.
let's just keep it cool and spy on each other instead.
and make sure we have enough atom bombs.
i'll race you to space.
now let's make some more countries fight themselves.
europe is tired of pillaging other continents, so the continents they were pillaging are tired of being pillaged.
so here's a new map, with new countries.
now you can't tell who they're being pillaged by.
the united states finally decided whether racism is good or bad.
they decided it's bad, and the world agrees.
south africa might need another minute to think about it.
let's check the world population.
whoa.
okay.
technology's better too, that might keep happening.
the soviet union decides to relax a little, and accidentally falls apart.
europe makes a union, so now they can all use the same money, except britain, because they don't feel like it.
let's check the mail.
surprise, it's on the computer.
whoops, someone just attacked america.
i bet they'll remember that.
phone call.
surprise, it's in your pocket.
wanna learn everything?
surprise, it's on the computer.
now your phone's a computer, which is in your pocket.
whoops, the economy just crashed.
don't worry, the big banks won't fail because they're not supposed to.
surprise!
flying robots.
with bombs.
wanna print a brain?
some people have no friends.
some people have no food.
the globe is warming
and the ocean is full of plastic
let's save the planet! said everybody, not knowing how.
let's invent a thing inventor, said the thing inventor inventor, after being invented by a thing inventor.
that's pretty cool.
by the way, where the hell are we?

Manu -Vina and menes egypt


People also ask





What is Menes famous?





Menes, also spelled Mena, Meni, or Min, (flourished c. 2925 bce), legendary first king of unified Egypt, who, according to tradition, joined Upper and Lower Egypt in a single centralized monarchy.





save image
its menes lets see the true story




Under the reign of Viswamitra, first king of the Dynasty of Soma -Vanga, in consequence of a battle which lasted five days, Manu -Vina, heir of the ancient kings, being abandoned by the Brahmans , emigrated with all his companions, passing through Arya , and the countries of Barria, till he came to the shores of Masra [Cairo].” (History of India, by Collouca-Batta). Unquestionably this Manu-Vina  and Menes , the first Egyptian King, are identical.Arya , is Eran (Persia ); Barria, is Arabia, and Masra, was the name of Cairo, which to this day is called,Masr, Musr, and Misro. Phœnician history names Maser as one of the ancestors of Hermes .”









Menes





From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigationJump to search For other uses, see Menes (disambiguation).





The cartouche of Menes on the Abydos King List




Royal titulary Nomen Menes[2][3][4]
Mnj
He who endures[5]

Horus name Narmer
nˁr-mr
Fierce catfish of Horus




Menes (fl. c. 3200–3000 BC)[6] (/ˈmiːniːz/; Ancient Egyptian: mnj, probably pronounced */maˈnij/;[7] Ancient Greek: Μήνης)[5] was a pharaoh of the Early Dynastic Period of ancient Egypt credited by classical tradition with having united Upper and Lower Egypt and as the founder of the First Dynasty.[8]





The identity of Menes is the subject of ongoing debate, although mainstream Egyptological consensus identifies Menes with the Naqada III ruler Narmer[2][3][4][9] (most likely) or First Dynasty pharaoh Hor-Aha.[10] Both pharaohs are credited with the unification of Egypt to different degrees by various authorities.





Narmer and Menes









Two Horus names of Hor-Aha (left) and a name of Menes (right) in hieroglyphs. Main article: Narmer Ivory tablet of Menes









The ivory label mentioning Hor-Aha along with the mn sign.









Reconstructed tablet.





The almost complete absence of any mention of Menes in the archaeological record[5] and the comparative wealth of evidence of Narmer, a protodynastic figure credited by posterity and in the archaeological record with a firm claim[3] to the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt, has given rise to a theory identifying Menes with Narmer.





The chief archaeological reference to Menes is an ivory label from Nagada which shows the royal Horus-name Aha (the pharaoh Hor-Aha) next to a building, within which is the royal nebty-name mn,[15] generally taken to be Menes.[5][a] From this, various theories on the nature of the building (a funerary booth or a shrine), the meaning of the word mn (a name or the verb endures) and the relationship between Hor-Aha and Menes (as one person or as successive pharaohs) have arisen.[2]





The Turin and Abydos king lists, generally accepted to be correct,[2] list the nesu-bit-names of the pharaohs, not their Horus-names,[3] and are vital to the potential reconciliation of the various records: the nesu-bit-names of the king lists, the Horus-names of the archaeological record and the number of pharaohs in Dynasty I according to Manetho and other historical sources.[3]





Flinders Petrie first attempted this task,[3] associating Iti with Djer as the third pharaoh of Dynasty I, Teti (Turin) (or another Iti (Abydos)) with Hor-Aha as second pharaoh, and Menes (a nebty-name) with Narmer (a Horus-name) as first pharaoh of Dynasty I.[2][3] Lloyd (1994) finds this succession "extremely probable",[3] and Cervelló-Autuori (2003) categorically states that "Menes is Narmer and the First Dynasty begins with him".[4] However, Seidlmayer (2004) states that it is "a fairly safe inference" that Menes was Hor-Aha.[10]





Narmer





was an ancient Egyptianking of the Early Dynastic Period,[1]circa 3150-3100 BC. He probably was the successor to the Protodynastic king Ka, or possibly Scorpion. Some consider him the unifier of Egypt and founder of the First Dynasty, and in turn the first king of a unified Egypt.





Narmer
Menes
Verso of Narmer Palette




Verso of Narmer Palette
Narmer
Menes




Possible identification with Menes





Comparison of serekhs









Name of Narmer in full format.









Name of Hor-Aha in full format.









Reconstruction of the Narmer-Menes Seal impression from Abydos









Naqada Label reconstruction Garstang 1905, p. 62, fig3





Although highly interrelated, the questions of "who was Menes?" and "who unified Egypt?" are actually two separate issues. Narmer is often credited with the unification of Egypt by means of the conquest of Lower Egypt by Upper Egypt. While Menes is traditionally considered the first king of Ancient Egypt, Narmer has been identified by the majority of Egyptologists as the same person as Menes. Although vigorously debated (Hor-Aha, Narmer's successor, is the primary alternative identified as Menes by many authorities), the predominant opinion is that Narmer was Menes.[b]





The issue is confusing because "Narmer" is a Horus name while "Menes" is a Sedge and Bee name (personal or birth name). All of the King Lists which began to appear in the New Kingdom era list the personal names of the kings, and almost all begin with Menes, or begin with divine and/or semi-divine rulers, with Menes as the first "human king". The difficulty is aligning the contemporary archaeological evidence which lists Horus Names with the King Lists that list personal names.





Two documents have been put forward as proof either that Narmer was Menes or alternatively Hor-Aha was Menes. The first is the "Naqada Label" which shows a serekh of Hor-Aha next to an enclosure inside of which are symbols that have been interpreted by some scholars as the name "Menes". The second is the seal impression from Abydos that alternates between a serekh of Narmer and the chessboard symbol, "mn", which is interpreted as an abbreviation of Menes. Arguments have been made with regard to each of these documents in favour of Narmer or Hor-Aha being Menes, but in neither case, are the arguments conclusive.[c]





The second document, the seal impression from Abydos, shows the serekh of Narmer alternating with the gameboard sign (mn) sign, together with its phonetic compliment, the n sign, which is always shown when the full name of Menes is written, again representing the name “Menes”. At first glance, this would seem to be strong evidence that Narmer was Menes.[27] However, based on an analysis of other early First Dynasty seal impressions, which contain the name of one or more princes, the seal impression has been interpreted by other scholars as showing the name of a prince of Narmer named Menes, hence Menes was Narmer's successor, Hor-Aha, and thus Hor-Aha was Menes.[28] This was refuted by Cervelló-Autuori 2005, pp. 42–45; but opinions still vary, and the seal impression cannot be said to definitively support either theory.[29]









Necropolis seal impression of Qa'aDreyer 1987, p. 36, fig.3





Two necropolis sealings, found in 1985 and 1991 in Abydos, in or near the tombs of Den[30] and Qa'a,[31] show Narmer as the first king on each list, followed by Hor-Aha. The Qa'a sealing lists all eight of the kings of what scholars now call the First Dynasty in the correct order, starting with Narmer. These necropolis sealings are strong evidence that Narmer was the first king of the First Dynasty—hence is the same person as Menes.[32]


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