Meenavar
This is our ancestors' true storey, From Tamil to Rajasthan. Our ancestors have migrated throughout the known world.
They were Villavars (Bowmen or Archers)and their allies Minavars or meenavars(fishermen)who formed kingdoms from Pakistan to Sri Lanka
(The Meenavar are a Hindu caste found in the state of Tamil Nadu in India. In the ancient times Rajasthan was ruled by a dynasty of Meenas which had the emblem of Fish like the Pandyan kingdom of the south. The Meena kingdom ruled the east of the river Jamuna roughly corresponding to the modern Jaipur and Alwar (ruler) areas.
Meenavars are the very ancient peoples of tamilnadu. Meenavars formed the pandiyan dynasty and give the fish symbol for that meenavars are the kings,rulers and warriors of pandiyan dynasty.They are known to be as Pandiya Kula Kshatriyas.
Nadars are Villavar rulers of Pandyan Country
REF-TALK
Villavars (Bowmen or archers)and Meenavars (fishermen) are the two ancient dynasties among the Dravidians who ruled the whole of India in the ancient times.The Villavar may represent the Cheras while Minavar many represent Pandyas. The Minavars and Villavars founded the Pandyan kingdom in the ancient times. Nadars are the Villavar warriors of the Pandyan kingdom or the Meenavar kingdom who formed the ruling dynasty
The Villavar (Archer) Rulers Pandyan or Panayudaya nadu(Thamraparni area with the capital at Tenkasi)who integrated the Meenavar or fishermen country founded the ancient Pandyan dynasty with the capital at Korkai. (Pandya Kings- Fish flag)
Cheras, Cholas & Pandyas “
During Sangam age south India
The related Villavar clans of Kerala founded the Chera dynasty.The Chera kingdom had Bow and arrow as the insignia. The Chera kings added the title Villavar to their titles. All the Villavar clans added the title Alwar,Alvar or Aluvar. Similarly the Thulu Pandyan dynasty (The Alupas kingdom) added Aluvar or Aluva or Alwa.
Uthiyan Cheralathan, also known as Perum Chorru Udiyan Cheralathan and Udiyanjeral is the first recorded Chera ruler of the Sangam period in ancient South India, ruled around 130 A.D.
BHIL MEENAS OF RAJASTAN
In north India Villavar and Meenavar are Bhil Meenas of Rajastan, Meenas of Rajastan and Bhils of North India who form the Rajput Kshatriya clans.
REF-TALK
In the ancient times Rajasthan was ruled by a dynasty of Meenas which had the emblem of Fish like the Pandyan kingdom of the south.
The meena kingdom (Fish kingdom) was called Matsya Kingdom in Sanskrit was mentioned in the Rig Veda. The Bhil Meenas could correspond to the Dravidian Villavar (Chera) and Meenavar (Pandya Kingdom)respectively and may descend from indigenous Dravidian rulers (Alwars) originally.
- Bhils and Meenas are included in the Kshatriya Varna.In the later days the Bhils and Meenas mixed with the Pardeshis or Rajputs who were Scythian, Hepthalite or other Central Asian clans.
- The Scythian mixed Meenas and Bhils remain as Rajput subclans while the Meenas and Bhils who were displaced by the Scythian invaders and Muslims have mixed with the tribal Bhils and form the Bhil (tribal) meenas who still talk a Dravidian tongue and still considered as Rajputs. Bhil meenas are also found in parts of North eastern India and Sind area of Pakistan.
REF-https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/8193857
Aryanised and Dravidian
Nadars evolve from the ancient twin communities called Villavars(Archers) and Meenavars(Fishermen)(Bhils and Meenas could be the North Indian equivalent).The Pandiyan kingdom was perhaps founded by the Villavars (Bowmens- Hunters)in the prehistory dating 8 to 10 thousand years.
The Villavars(Bowman)and Meenavars(Fishermen)were Tamils and they form the nucleus of the Dravidian civilization in India.
The Villavar Nobility who mixed with the Meenavar Nobility assumed the title Nadalvar and became the rulers of the Pandyan kingdom.
The Nadars of Tamil nadu,Nadavas of Karnataka Nalavar of Sri Lanka all derive their title from the ancient Tamil title Nadalvar the lords of the land.(Nadu = country)Alvar (Aluvar,Alupas)=rulers).
Other titles of Pandiyan rulers are Maran,Mara rayan Nelveli maran Cheeveli Maran, Maveli etc. The lords were called Karukku Pattayathar(Defenders),Sivanthi(Suicidal army), Adityan (overlord)Kodimarathar (defenders of flags), Nadan, Nattar Nadalvan etc. Many of these titles still used by the Nadar community.
Many North Indian RAJPUT OR KSHATRIYA KINGDOMS of North India also may have their origins in BHILS(VILLAVAR) and MEENAS(MEENAVAR) though now they are Aryanised and talk Hindi(Many Bhils still talk a Dravidian tongue .
origins of BHILS(VILLAVAR) and MEENAS(MEENAVAR)
*Nadalvar or Mara Nadalvar is the correct name for the Kshatriyas of Pandiya Kula Alvars (Kshatriyas).
REF-Converting Women: Gender and Protestant Christianity in Colonial South India AUTHOR-Eliza F. Kent Oxford University Press, 01-Apr-2004 - Religion
Nadar or Nadalvars are the Villavars who mixed with the Meenavar in the ancient times and founded the Mara Nadar dynasty of the Pandyan kingdom. Nadavas of Karnataka of the Tulu Pandyan kingdom may have common origins.
Villavars and Meenavars founded most of the Indian kingdoms ancient times. In the North India they were called Bhils and Meenas.
REF-talk
Indus Valley & Dravidians
Harappa seals belonging to the Indus Valley civilization have large numbers of pictures of fish. According to Professor Asko Parpola, fish is also one of the most popular motifs of the early Harappan painted pottery. This short article presents a hypothesis on the significance of the fish symbol in Harappan seals.
Most scholars of Indus Valley civilization believe that it was a Dravidian or proto-Dravidian civilization. Tamil language is one of the oldest of Dravidian languages. Presently Tamil people live in the southern region of the Indian peninsula and in the north-eastern region of the Sri Lankan Island.
the ancestry of Tamils?
Legend has it that there was a large landmass south of the Indian peninsula called the continent of Kumari (Kumari Kandam).
Westerners refer to this ancient continent as "Lemuria". There is geological evidence that there was, in fact, a landmass south of the Indian peninsula. According to legend and some literary references, Tamils populated this continent and kings belonging to the Pandyan dynasty (Pandya dynasty) ruled the land. This landmass submerged and some of the population came north to what is today the Indian subcontinent. It is possible that Tamils (or Dravidians) lived in India already and the "refugees" joined them. It is also quite conceivable that there was some migration and interaction between the north and south even before the tragic event. After the submergence of the southern landmass, Pandyan kings established their kingdom in southern India with Madurai as their capital. They ruled from Madurai as late as the 14-th Century AD. Their country, which was part of Tamil Nadu, was called Pandyanadu (or Pandya Nadu).
Padynan dynasty is the oldest of the three ruling dynasties of Tamil Nadu, namely,
the Chera, Chola and Pandya dynasties.
Conclusion:-
The royal emblem of the Padya dynasty is fish. Tamil word for fish is "Meen". Pandyan king is sometimes referred to as "meenavan". Their deity is "Meenatchi" (or Meenashi or Meenakshi). "Meen" means fish (as we said before), and "aatchi" means rule. Thus the name "Meenatchi" may mean "one who rules over the Pandyan dynasty". Even today there is a temple for goddess Meenatchi (Meenashi) in Madurai. Thus fish is an important symbol for Tamils. So the fish symbols in Harappan seals may refer to their ancestral king and/or the goddess. courtesy to http://www.tamiltribune.com
Bibliographic information
| Title | Meenavar |
| Editors | Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, McBrewster John |
| Publisher | VDM Publishing, 2010 |
| ISBN | 613189292X, 9786131892929 |
| Length | 104 pages |
| Subjects | Social Science › General Social Science / General |
REFERENCES
- ^ V., Kanakasabhai (1997). The Tamils Eighteen Hundred Years Ago. Asian Educational Services.
- ^ Perumal Thirumozhi
- ^ Pandyan Inscription
- ^ [C:\Documents and Settings\winxp\Desktop\History\Book 2 Cosmos Taprobane Brachman India Cosmas.mht# Cosmas Indicopleustes, Christian Topography (1897) pp. 23-90. Book 2 ]
- ^ Villavar
विल्लवर और बाणा कुलों
ReplyDeleteपांड्या विल्लवर शासकों के साथ-साथ बाणा शासकों की उपाधि है। बाण साम्राज्य पूरे भारत में मौजूद थे। अधिकांश भारत पर बाण शासकों का शासन था। पूरे भारत में कई स्थान हैं जिन्हें बानपुर कहा जाता है जो कि बाणाओं की राजधानी थे। बाणा को बाणासुर भी कहा जाता था।
बाणा विल्लवर के उत्तरी चचेरे भाई थे जिन्होंने केरल और तमिलनाडु पर शासन किया था।कर्नाटक और आंध्र में भी बाणा का शासन था।विल्लवर उपसमूह
1. विल्लवर (तीरंदाजों)
2. मलौयर (पहाड़ी निवासी)
3. वानवर (जंगल वासी)
विल्लवर के समुद्री चचेरे भाई मीनवर कहलाते थे।
4. मीनवर (मछुआ)
प्राचीन काल में इन सभी उपसमूहों से पांड्यों का उदय हुआ। उन्होंने उप-कुलों के झंडे का भी इस्तेमाल किया।
उदाहरण के लिए।
1. विल्लवर वंश के पांडियन राजा को सारंगद्वज पांडियन कहा जाता था। उन्होंने धनुष-बाण का झंडा लहराया।
2. मलौयर वंश के पांडियन राजा को मलौयद्वज पांडियन कहा जाता था। उन्होंने पहाड़ी प्रतीक चिन्ह के साथ एक झंडा लहराया।
3. वानवर उपवर्ग के पांडियन राजा ने बाघ या वृक्ष के प्रतीक चिन्ह के साथ एक झंडा धारण किया।
4. मीनवर वंश के पांडियन राजा मछली का झंडा लिए हुए थे और खुद को मीनवन कहते थे।
बाद के दिनों में सभी विल्लवर कुलों का विलय नाटाल्वार कुलों के रूप में हुआ। प्राचीन मीनवर वंश का भी विल्लवर और नाटाल्वार कुलों में विलय हो गया।
नागा मछुआरे
बाद में उत्तर से पलायन करने वाले नागा वंश दक्षिण में मछुआरे बन गए। वे जातीय रूप से विल्लवर-मीनवर कुलों से संबंधित नहीं हैं।
विल्लवर शीर्षक
विल्लवर, नाटाल्वार, नाटार, सान्रार, चाणार, शनार, चाणावर, चान्त्रहर, चान्दार पेरुम्बाणर, पणिक्कर, थिरुप्पाप्पु, कवरा (कावुरायर), इल्लम, किरियम, काना, मार नाटार, नट्टाथ्थी, पांडियकुल क्षत्रिय, नेलैमक्कारार आदि।
प्राचीन पांड्य वंश तीन राज्यों में विभाजित था।
1. चेर राजवंश
2. चोल राजवंश
3. पांडियन राजवंश
सभी को विल्लवर का समर्थन प्राप्त था।
महत्ता का क्रम
1. चेरा साम्राज्य
विल्लवर
मलैयर
वानवर
इयक्कर (श्रीलंकाई कबीले)
2. पांडियन साम्राज्य
विल्लवर
मीनवर
वानवर
मलैयर
3. चोल साम्राज्य
वानवर
विल्लवर
मलैयर
बाणा और मीना राजवंश
उत्तरी भारत में विल्लवर को बाणा और भील कुलों के रूप में जाना जाता था। मीनवर को मीना या मत्स्य के नाम से जाना जाता था।
सिंधु घाटी और गंगा के मैदानों के प्रारंभिक निवासी बाण और मीना वंश थे।
एक वर्ष तक पांडवों को शरण देने वाले राजा विराट एक मत्स्य-मीणा शासक थे।
उनकी असुर स्थिति के बावजूद बाण राजाओं को सभी स्वयंवरों में आमंत्रित किया गया था। असुर उपाधि स्वदेशी प्राचीन द्रविड़ राजाओं का दूसरा नाम था।
सोनितपुर में राजधानी के साथ असुर साम्राज्य नामक एक बाना साम्राज्य ने प्राचीन काल में असम पर शासन किया था।
पूरे भारत में बाण-मीणा और विल्लवर-मीनवर राज्य मध्य युग के अंत तक मौजूद थे।
महाबली बाण और विल्लवर राजाओं महाबली को अपना पूर्वज मानते थे। महाबली उपाधि वाले कई राजाओं ने भारत पर शासन किया।
विल्लवर अपने पूर्वज महाबली को भी मावेली कहते थे। ओणम त्योहार हर साल राजा महाबली की वापसी का जश्न मनाता है, जिन्होंने प्राचीन काल में केरल पर शासन किया था। स्थान मवेलिक्करा, महाबलीपुरम दोनों का नाम महाबली के नाम पर रखा गया है। पांड्यों राजाओं की एक उपाधि मावेली थी। पांड्य राजाओं के प्रतिद्वंद्वियों, बाण वंशों को मावेली वाणादि रायर भी कहा जाता था।
दानव र दैत्य प्राचीन दानव र दैत्यहरू सिन्धु उपत्यकाको बाना उपसमूह हुन सक्छन्। दैत्यका राजालाई महाबली भनिन्थ्यो। भारत में पहले बांध चार हजार साल पहले सिंधु नदी पर बाणा राजाओं द्वारा बनाए गए थे।
हिरण्यगर्भ समारोह
विल्लवर राजाओं और बाण राजाओं दोनों ने हिरण्यगर्भ समारोह किया। हिरण्यगर्भ समारोह में पांड्य राजा ने राजा हिरण्य के स्वर्ण गर्भ से निकलने के लिए अनुकरण किया।
हिरण्य महाबली का पूर्वज था।
विल्लवर और बाणा कुलों
ReplyDeleteनागाओं के खिलाफ युद्ध
कलिथ्थोकै एक प्राचीन तमिल साहित्य में नागा आक्रमणकारियों के खिलाफ विल्लवर मीनवर की संयुक्त सेनाओं के बीच लड़े गए एक महान युद्ध का वर्णन करता है। उस युद्ध में विल्लवर मीनवर की हार हुई और नागा आक्रमणकारियों ने मध्य भारत पर कब्जा कर लिया।
दक्षिण में नागा प्रवासन इसके बाद नागाओं के विभिन्न वंश दक्षिण भारत और श्रीलंका में विशेष रूप से तटीय क्षेत्रों में चले गए। दक्षिण में नागा प्रवास 500 ईसा पूर्व से शुरू हुआ।
1. वरुणकुलथ्थोर (करवे)
2. गुहनकुलथ्थोर (मरवर, मुरगुहर, सिंहली)
3. कौरव (करवे)
4. परदवर
5. कलभ्र (कलप्पालर, वेल्लालर, कल्लर)
6. अहिछत्रम नागा (नायर)
ये नागा विल्लवारों के मुख्य शत्रु थे। नागाओं ने दिल्ली सल्तनत, विजयनगर नायकर और यूरोपीय औपनिवेशिक शासकों का पक्ष लिया और विल्लवरों का विरोध किया, जिससे विल्लवर का पतन हुआ।
कर्नाटक की बाणा और विल्लवर दुश्मनी
समान मूल होने के बावजूद कर्नाटक के बाणाओं और विल्लवर दुश्मन थे। केरल पर 1120 ई. में तुलुनाडु (बाणप्पेरूमाल) के अलुपास पांडियन साम्राज्य से बाणा का कब्जा था।
विल्लवर का अंत1310 में मालिक काफूर के आक्रमण के कारण पांड्य वंश की हार हुई। विल्लवरों का नरसंहार किया गया और तीनों तमिल राज्यों का अंत हो गया।
विल्लवर राजवंशों के अंतिम किले
तीन विल्लवर राजवंशों के सभी शेष सदस्य अर्थात चेरा, चोल, पांड्य राजवंश दक्षिण की ओर दक्षिणी तमिलनाडु और दक्षिणी केरल में चले गए। चोल वंश ने कलक्काडु में एक किला बनवाया। पांड्य वंश ने कल्लिडैक्कुरीच्चि और अंबासमुद्रम में किले का निर्माण कराया। एक और पांड्य वंश तेनकासी से शासन करता था। चेर वंश ने कोट्टैयडी में एक किला बनवाया।
1377 ईस्वी में बलिजा नायक्करों ने तमिलनाडु पर कब्जा कर लिया। विल्लवर के चेरा चोल पांडियन साम्राज्य विजयनगर साम्राज्य के बलिजा नायक्कर (महाबली, बाणाजीगों के बाण वंशज) द्वारा नष्ट कर दिए गए थे।
1610 में पुर्तगालियों ने कोचीन से वेनाड में एक ब्राह्मण वंश स्थापित किया। सभी विलावर किलों को धराशायी कर दिया गया था।
विल्लवर-नाटार कुलों का पतन
बाद के दिनों में कुछ नादर कुलों ने शत्रु तुलु साम्राज्यों को योद्धाओं और भाड़े के सैनिकों के रूप में सेवा दी।
कई नाटार कबीले डाकू बन गए और स्थानीय रूप से बनाई गई बंदूकों और तलवारों की मदद से लूटपाट की।
तुलु-नेपाली आक्रमणकारियों के कब्जे के बाद अधिकांश नाटार कुलों ने अपनी जमीन खो दी थी। अंग्रेजों के जाने के बाद ही कुछ सुधार हुआ।
कर्नाटक पांड्यन साम्राज्य
कर्नाटक में कई बाणप्पंडियन राज्य थे
1. आलुपा पांडियन साम्राज्य
2. उच्चांगी पांडियन साम्राज्य
3. सान्तारा पांडियन साम्राज्य
4. नूरूम्पाटा पांड्यन साम्राज्य।
कुलशेखर शीर्षककुलशेखर शाही उपाधि का अर्थ वास्तव में नारियल का संग्रहकर्ता था।कर्नाटक पांड्यों ने कुलशेखर की उपाधि का भी प्रयोग किया।
आंध्र प्रदेश आंध्र के बाणा साम्राज्य
1. बाणा साम्राज्य
2. विजयनगर साम्राज्य।
बाणा के झंडे
प्रारंभिक साम्राज्य
1. दोहरी मछली
2. धनुष-तीर
बाद का साम्राज्य
1. सांड का प्रतीक चिन्ह
2. बंदर का प्रतीक (वानर ध्वज)
3. शंख
4. पहिया
5. गिद्ध
त्रवनकोर के राजाओं ने कदंब बाणा वंश के शंख और चक्र चिन्ह का इस्तेमाल किया।
सेतुपति राजाओं ने कलिंग बाण वंश के वानर प्रतीक चिन्ह का इस्तेमाल किया।
विल्लवर और बाणा कुलों
ReplyDeleteबाणा और मीना राजवंशों
उत्तर भारत में विल्लवर को बाणा और भील के नाम से जाना जाता था। मीनवर को मीना या मत्स्य के नाम से जाना जाता था।
मीना राजवंशों
राजस्थान के मीना कुलों ने भील कुलों के साथ मिलकर भील-मीना राजवंशों का निर्माण किया। मीना ने 1030 ई. तक राजस्थान पर शासन किया। एलन सिंह मीणा चांदा अंतिम महान शासक था।
उड़ीसा का बाणा वंशएक बाण वंश की स्थापना पल्लवों ने दक्षिणी कोसल साम्राज्य में छत्तीसगढ़ और ओडिशा में 731 ईस्वी में पाली में राजधानी के साथ की थी। विक्रमादित्य प्रथम जयमेरु अंतिम राजा थे।
टीकमगढ़ के पांड्य वंश
पांड्य उपाधि वाले बाणा वंश ने मध्य प्रदेश के कुंडेश्वर से राजधानी के रूप में शासन किया।
बाणा व्यापारियों
बाणा ने खुद को सफल कारोबारी समुदाय में बदल लिया। बलिजाओं ने अंचू वण्णम और मणिग्रामम जैसे विभिन्न व्यापार संघों का गठन किया और व्यापार को नियंत्रित किया।
ये व्यापारी-योद्धा बलिजा नायकर थे। बलीजा जर्मन हंसियाटिक लीग से काफी मिलती-जुलती थी। बलिजाओं आंध्रप्रदेश के बाणा राज्य (वडुगा देश) के थे।
भारत के बाहर असुरप्राचीन ईरान पर शासन करने वाले असुर कुलों को अहुरा कहा जाता था।सीरिया में असुर कुलों को असुरयानी कहा जाता था। प्राचीन सीरिया की राजधानी असुर थी। असुर-द्रविड़ कुलों ने मेसोपोटामिया और सिंधु घाटी में पहली सभ्यताओं का निर्माण किया होगा।
निष्कर्ष
इस प्रकार पांड्य अकेले तमिलनाडु में मौजूद नहीं हैं। महाभारत में वर्णित सभी पांडियन अकेले तमिलकम से नहीं हैं। कुछ पांडवों ने पांडवों का समर्थन किया जबकि अन्य ने कौरवों का समर्थन किया।
बाणप्पंडियनों ने पूरे भारत पर शासन किया। कुछ बाणाओं ने पांड्या उपाधि का प्रयोग किया। दूसरों ने पांडियन उपाधि का उपयोग नहीं किया।
बाणा मिश्रण से विभिन्न राज्यों का उदय हुआ। शक और हूण जैसे बर्बर विदेशी आक्रमणकारियों के आक्रमणों के बाद उत्तर भारतीय बाणा राज्यों में गिरावट आई।
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विल्लवर मलैयर वानवर प्रतीक चिन्हएक प्राचीन सिक्के में धनुष और तीर, पहाड़ी और पेड़
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Q5Ebqb5XTE4/W1LYuq2vnrI/AAAAAAAAEH4/1b-_GJRcWWoS9FdoOaLnvyUiGU3_BJJSQCLcBGAs/s1600/new.png
KUMARIKKANDAM
ReplyDeleteORIGIN OF PANDIYAN KINGDOM
The beginning of the Pandiyan kingdom was at the prehistory.
Timeline
1. Foundation of First Pandyan kingdom (9990 BC)
2. First Deluge (5550 BC)
3. Second Pandyan kingdom
4. Second Deluge (1850 BC)
5. Third Pandyan kingdom
6. End of Sangam age(1 AD)
NEOLITHIC PERIOD(10000 BC)
ESTABLISHMENT OF PANDYAN KINGDOM(9990 BC)
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According to ancient Tamil Sangham literature, Pandiyan King Kaysina Vazhuthi founded Pandyan kingdom at about 9990 BC. That is Pandiyan kingdom was founded 11,971 years before present.
Pandiyan kingdom was established at the Kumarikkandam, a large ancient landmass which existed south of Kanniyakumari, between Kumari river and Paqruli river.
TAMIL SANGAMS
A commentary of Iraiyanar Akapporul written in 5-8th centuries AD gives the details about the duration of the three Tamil Sangams.
FIRST TAMIL SANGHAM (9990 BC to 5550 BC)
Pandiyan king Kaysina Vazhuthi founded the first Tamil sangam known as Thalai Sangham in the same era.
During the first Tamil sangham era atleast 89 Pandiyan kings ruled over Pandiyan kingdom, but in reality number of kings, could be more.
The first capital of Pandiyan kingdom was Then Madurai. This was Southern Madurai which was sunken under sea after a great deluge at the end of first Tamil era which lasted for 4440 years.
THREE MADURAIS
There were actually three capitals known as Madurai in the ancient times. Southern Madurai in Kumarikandan, Madurai which was capital the laterday Pandiyan kingdom and the Vada Mathurai or Mathura puri in northern India, which could have been the capital of an ancient Banappandiyan kingdom.
The first Tamil Sangam remained functional for about 4440 years starting with the rule of Pandiyan King Kaisina Vazhuthi and came to an end after the rule of King Kadungon.
According to the ancient Tamil literature, by the end of First Tamil epoch, during the rule of Kadungon at around 5550 BC there was a cataclysmic deluge which submerged Kumarikandam to deep.
According to Purananooru an ancient Tamil literature , Pandian king used to celebrate Three water festival at the estuary of Paqruli river.
In the first deluge Paqruli river, Kumari Mountain range, Kumari river and the Southern Madurai were submerged under sea.
Similarly an ancient deluge is described in many ancient literatures for eg Gilgamesh epic in Sumerian documents, Noah's deluge described in Genesis Bible.
SHRADDADEVA MANU
Matsya purana describes the legend of Shraddadeva manu, a Dravidian king who escaped deluge by boarding a boat dragged by a huge fish an incarnation of God Mahavishnu.
After the deluge, the boat of Shraddadeva manu came to shore and landed on the peak of the Malaya Mountain ie the Western Ghats.
SHRADDADEVA MANU -PANDIAN
When the deluge engulfed the Kumarikkandam, Pandyan family could have escaped the deluge, by boarding a ship.
That boat might have landed at Malaya mountains alias Western Ghats. Earlier story of the Pandyan could have been the basis for Matsya purana. Northern cousins of Meenavar are known by the names Meena as well as Matsya.
The deluge which submerged Kumarikkandam in 5550 BC was the first one out of the two deluges told in the early Tamil history.
KUMARIKKANDAM
ReplyDeleteREESTABLISHMENT OF PANDYAN KINGDOM(5500 BC)
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SECOND TAMIL SANGHAM
Pandyan kingdom was reestablished again with its new capital at Kapadapuram, by Pandyan king Ven Ther Chezhian..
COPPER AGE(4500 BC)
The second session of Tamil Sangham called Idaichangam was convened at Kapadapuram. Second Tamil Sangham was also called as Meen Koodal epoch. Kuadam or Kapadapuram had been located to the north of the ancient Paqruli river about 700 kaadham (1120 km) and south of the Kumari river delta.
The second tamil Sangham era of Pandiyan Kingdom lasted for about 3700 years starting from 5550 BC to 1,850 BC. The first king was Ven Ther Chezian while the last Pandiyan king was Mudathirumaran. Iraiyanar Agapporul says that 59 Pandiyan kings ruled in that era.
SECOND DELUGE(1850 BC)
At the end of Second Tamil Sangham epoch Pandian Capital Kapadapuram was destroyed by another deluge at about 1850 BC. The deluge flooded Kuadam and the remaining part of the Kumari kaandam forever. This deluge corresponds to the period in which Indus Valley civilization declined. Indus Valley civilization declined in the period between 1900 BC to 1700 BC period.
RELOCATION OF PANDYAN KINGDOM(1850 BC)
THIRD TAMIL SANGHAM (1850 BC to 1 AD)
After the deluge at 1850 BC the capital of Pandiyan Kingdom was shifted to Madurai where the third Tamil Sangham was convened. Third Tamil Sangam with 49 Pandyan kings and 449 participating poets, it lasted for 1850 years.
SECONDARY CAPITALS
Korkai and Tenkasi were the secondary capiitals. Korkai which had been situated at the estuary of Thamirabarni river, was an ancient capital of Pandiyans. Tenkasi is another ancient Pandyan capital in the vicinity of Malaya mountains. Srilanka was ruled by Pandiyans from very ancient times. Srilankas ancient name Thambapani was derived from the name of Thamirabarani river. And Srilanka was under Chera kings too, for that reason lending the name Cheran deevu ie Serandib to Srilanka.
Third Tamil Sangham started with the reign of King Mudathirumaran and had ended with the rule of King Ukkirapperuvazhuthi(42 BC to 1 AD) as told in the epic Silappatikaram.
KAPADAPURAM LATERDAYS
The Pandiyan capital Kapadapuram had been shifted to Modern Madurai after a deluge in 1850 BC. Kapadapuram might have rebuilt again as it had been mentioned until sixth century BC in North Indian Chronicles.
IN RAMAYANA KAPADAPURAM
In the Ramayana, Kisukinda Kandam (4-41-18), Sukrivan told the Vanara army, who were looking towards south for Sita, As you head south you will find a city with walls adorned with gold, pearls and ornaments. Look for Sita in the Kapadapuram of that emperor Pandian. Ramayana mentions Kapadapuram as Kavadam.
KUMARIKKANDAM
ReplyDelete_________________________________________
LOCATION OF KUMARIKKANDAM
Traditionally it was thought that a large land mass south of Kanyakumari existed in prehistory that was destroyed by a deluge. That land mass definitely would have included Srilanka also.
IN SRILANKA
KOMARI
Komari is a place in the South eastern coastal area of Srilanka a thin strip of land adjoining Komari Lagoon. Four kilometers from Komari into the sea sunken sand ridges called Komari ridges exist. Komariya is yet another place further inland in Srilanka.
MADURA
About 140 km west of Komari in the inland, a place called Madura exists near the Maduru Oya National park. A river called Maduru Oya flows from there to north Central province north of Komari.
MAHAWELI GANGA
A river called Mahaweli Ganga named after Mahabali flows north of Maduru Oya. Mahabali is considered progenitor of Tamil Villavars and their northern cousins Banas. This river might have been named during the rule of ancient Pandyans who descended from Villavars.
INDONESIA
In the north of the Island of Java an Island called Madura is there. On the Java island a place called Komari, near Surabayaexist 20 km away. Madura islanders carry long swords with tips curved forwards. Madura island may have some connection with Pandyans.
LEMURIA
Lemur Fossils are found in Madagascar and India but not seen in Africa or Arabia. A Zoologist called Philip Sclater, consceptualised that a supercontinent called Lemuria had existed in the Indian ocean in 1864. Lemuria was a large land mass, believed to have connected Madagascar and India. But this theory is largely has been discredited by scientific community after the theory of Continental drift appeared in 1912 AD.
COMORIN RIDGE
An undersea ridge with elevation of about one kilometre from the sea was discovered south of Cape Comorin in 1964.
It was named Comorin ridge because of its proximity to Kanniyakumari. The ridge is located about 200 km south of Kanniyakumari in the Indian ocean west of Srilanka. Its dimensions are 500 km long in the North-South and 150 Km broad in the East-West.
The Comorin Ridge extends from NNW towards SSE direction between latitudes 1.5°N and 6.5°N. Average depth of sea from sea-floor, is 2 to 4.2 km with minimum depth of sea at Comorin ridge is 1km. At the northern border, the Comorin ridges merges with the continental shelf south of kanniyakumari.
It is possible that Comorin ridge could be the remnant of Kumarikandam. But what cataclysm will submerge a land three kilometres deep underwater is not clear. Because of Global warming melting polar ice cap, raising the sealevel could be one cause. When the Indian plate colliding against Eurasian plate, was its southern edge tilted downwards sinking Kumarikandam?
Or perhaps because of an ancient meteor strike, the land might have been blown apart.
CONCLUSION
There is no concrete evidence to suggest Kumarikhandam existed.
Although,
It is a south indian Atlantis of Dravidian People.
ASURA-DRAVIDIAN BEGINNING OF INDIAN SUBCONTINENT
ReplyDeleteDRAVIDIAN RULE IN ANCIENT NORTH INDIA
Many Dravidian kingdoms existed in northern India as well in ancient times . In ancient literature, Dravidian rulers were called asuras. In ancient India, there were Danavar, Daityar, Banar, Meena and Villavar kingdoms. The Aryans dominated only the northern part of the river Ganga. Many Banasuras with Dravidian roots ruled northern India.
DRAVIDIAN VILLAVAR-BANA DYNASTIES
1. Danava Daitya
2. Bana Meena.
3. Villavar meenavar
Danavar Villavar and Banar may be people with the same ethnicity and they had been ruled by Kings who had Mahabali title.
DANAVA AT THE INDUS VALLEY (1800 BC)
VRITRA KING OF INDUS
Vritra was an early Danava king who perhaps had been ruling over Indus Valley civilization.
Vritra perhaps built many stone dams, which resembled the shape of snakes, on the branches of Indus river to control irrigation. Vritra had 99 forts at the Indus area.
According to the Rig Veda, Vritra kept all the waters of the world captive, until he was killed by Indra. Indra destroyed all the 99 fortresses of Vritra.
Vritra broke Indra's two jaws during the battle, but was then thrown down by Indra and, in falling, crushed the fortresses that had already been shattered.
For this feat, Indra became known as "Vṛtrahan" ie Slayer of Vritra.
Vritra's mother Danu, who was also the mother of the Dānava race of Asuras, was then attacked and defeated by Indra with his thunderbolt.
Three Devas, Varuna, Soma and Agni were coaxed by Indra into aiding him in the fight against Vritra, whereas before they had been on the side of Vritra whom they called Father.
VALA BROTHER OF VRITHRA
Parallel to Vritra "the blocker" a stone serpent(Dam) slain by Indra to liberate the rivers.
Rig Veda 2.12.3 Indra Who slew the Dragon, freed the Seven Rivers(Sapta Sindhu), and drove the kine(cows) forth from the cave of Vala.
After Vritra his brother Vala became the king of Indus valley. Once again Vala built dams across Indus. Vala also captured the catte of Aryans and locked them up in a cave. Indra killed King Vala and destroyed the long snakelike stone dams built by King Vala. Indra released all their cattle from the cave. Destruction of Dams might have resulted in the failure of irrigation and Agriculture. The watersupply to the city states also might have come from these dams. Eventually Indus valley civilization came to an end.
DECLINE OF INDUS VALLEY CULTURE (1300 BC)
Indus Valley had extensive Dams built in the shape of snakes on all the seven tributaries of Indus. As the Indus Valley was an Agricultural country Asura- Danava king Vritra built Dams. Aryans were mostly Pastoralists who did not like rivers blocked by Dams. Indra, king of Aryans fought with Asura king Vrithra and killed him. Indra destroyed all the dams built by him and also 99 forts of Danava king Vritra.
BRAHUI
At Mehrgarh in the Baloochistan area a Pre-Harappan Indus Valley civilisation (7000 BCE to c. 2500 BCE) existed. At the Baloochistan province the people talk a northern Dravidian tongue called Brahui even today.
ASURA-DRAVIDIAN
ReplyDeleteDAITYA DANAVA REVOLT
The king of Daitya was known as Mahabali. Under the leadership of Daitya king Mahabali the Dānavas revolted against the Devas (Aryans). The Devas (Aryans) exiled the Danavas from heaven(Northern India) during the Satya Yuga. After exile, the Danavas took refuge in the Vindhya Mountains Danava means People with Danu ie Bow, Villavar. Bana and their clans Daitya and Danavas were considered as Asura.
DANAVA WRESTLERS
On the behest of King Kamsa, Akrura the Yadava Elder invited Krishna and Balarama, to attend a Dhanush Yajna and a friendly wrestling match held at Mathura. Fearsome Danava wrestlers Chanura and Mushtika were killed by young Krishna and Balarama .
IN BUDDHISM
In Buddhism where they are known as the "bow-wielding" Dānaveghasa Asuras.
COMMON ANCESTRY
Dravidian Villavar, Meenavar and Asura Bana and Meena clans might have had common ancestors.
Earlier period India was mostly inhabited by Dravidian people who formed Dravidian Kingdoms. In the south India many Pandiyan kingdoms were established by Villavar-Meenavar people.
In the north india Villavar related Bana-Meena people had established numerous Banappandiyan kingdoms which were ruled by Kings called Mahabali.
MAHABALI DYNASTY
Both Villavar and Banas claimed descendency from Asura King Mahabali and his ancestor Hiranyakasibu. South Indian Bana and Pandiyan kings had performed Hiranyagarba ceremony. Hiranyan's ancient capital was at Iranial otherwise known as Hiranya Simha Nallur.
BANASURA IN KANYAKUMARI LEGEND
Banasura prayed to God Brahma who was the common God of Devas and Asuras. Banasura got the boon of immortality that he be killed at the hands of no man or woman in the entire universe. Banasura can only be killed by an unmarried girl or a child. Kanyakumari was born as an avatar of Parashakti. Banasura tried to abduct Kanyakumari but was killed by Goddess Kanyakumari.
BANASURA AT THE SWAYAMVARA OF SITA
Both Banasura and Ravana attended the Swayamvara of Sita devi. But Ravana and Banasura quietly slipped away as soon as they saw the bow.
BANASURA DURING MAHABHARATHA PERIOD
Banasura's daughter Usha dreamed of Aniruddha grand son of Lord Krishna. Usha's friend Chitralekha, through supernatural powers, abducted Aniruddha from the palace of Krishna and brought him to Usha. Aniruddha fell in love with Usha but Banasura imprisoned him. This led to a war with Lord Krishna, Balarama and Pradyumna. In the war Banasura was defeated. After that Usha was married to Aniruddha.
BANA KINGDOM ANDHRA
Andhra had a Bana kingdom which gave rise to many ruling dynasties of Balijas including Vijayanagara Nayaks. Because of their origin in King Mahabali they were called Balijas. Balijas were also called as Banajiga or Valanjiar.
VANAR
Banar preferred to stay in the jungles. Hence Kadamba Bana capital Banavasi was also called Vanavasi. They were also called as Vanar. The capital of Vanara king Bali was Kishkinda. The Balija Naickar royal family stay at Anegundi near Kishkinda.
The capital of Balija Naickars who ruled over Vijayanagar was Hampi 22 km away from Kishkinda.
At Karnataka many had existed Banappandiyan kingdoms including Kadamba Kingdom, Nurumbada Pandian kingdom, Santara Pandiyan kingdom, Uchangi Pandiyan kingdom, Alupas Pandian kingdom etc.
Bana clans such as Tuluva had ruled over the western coastal of Karnataka. Bana Saluva clan ruled over Goa. Saluva and Tuluva clans were two dynasties of Vijayanagar empire too.
In the North India most states have ancient Bana capitals called Banpur or Bhanpur from where Banas had ruled over that territories.
MAHABALI
Many kings with title Mahabali/Maveli title ruled over India. One Mahabali ruled from Sonitpur Assam, Another Mahabali ruled from Kerala and yet another Mahabali who was king of Daityas and Danavas in the Indus valley struggled against early Aryans in the Indus valley.
ASURA-DRAVIDIAN
ReplyDeleteBANA MEENA CLANS
In the Northern India the Villavar and Meenavar were known as Bana and Meena. Bana founded Banappandiyan kingdoms in the north and the Meena founded Meena or Matsya kingdom in the North India. Bhil tribe who ruled hilly areas also could be subgroups of Villavar.
Similarly Meenas were Pre-Aryan rulers of Rajastan, Sindh and Gangetic plain who may have Dravidian roots. Even after the advent of Aryavartham Bana kingdom and Meena-Matsya kingdom existed in the Gangetic plain. Bana-Meena kingdoms were part of Vedic culture. In Matsya kingdom ruled by King Virata where Pandava spent one year in concealment.
Meena-Matsya king Virata's daughter Uttara later married Arjuna's son Abhimanyu.
Meena kingdom ruled Rajasthan until 1030 AD. Modern Jaipur was founded by Meena clans. Last powerful Meena ruler Alan singh Chanda Meena. Meenas were defeated by Kachwaha Rajputs in this period.
DECLINE OF BANAS
Banas declined after the arrival of Scythian, Parthian and Huna invaders who occupied northern India. Bana-Meena kingdoms were perhaps absorbed by Rajput kingdoms. The Meena kingdom lasted until 1030 AD when Rajputs and Delhi Sultanate had annexed their territories.
During the coronation the Rajput king, custom of smearing the forehead of the king, with the blood drawn from the Thumb of Bhil or Meena clansmen was in vogue. This is because the original rulers of North India were Bana, Bhil, Meena people.
DIVERSE ORIGINS
The various kingdoms mentioned in ancient scriptures are of different ethnicities. Some kingdoms may have ancient Asura-Dravidian ancestry, while others are of Naga and Aryan ancestry. Some were foreigners.
DRAVIDIAN HERITAGE
Physically all Indians have the Brown colour and Dravidian facial features. It is because of their Dravidian origins.
SCYTHIAN INVASION (150 BC)
But these Dravidian tribes in the Gangetic plain of northern India were driven out of their homeland by the Scythian invaders.
The Scythians may have assimilated the Villavar clans, who ruled over the Gange areas. There are many villavar-Nadar family names in the Jat community. The Jat community may have had a Scythian origin.
Many Villavar surnames such as Nadar, Chanar, Sandhar Bilvan, Bana, Chera, Chola and Pandya found among the surnames of Jat community.
The early literature of India mentions twin tribes called Danava and Daitya and their king Mahabali at Sindh area. Danu meant Bow. Danava clans might have been Dravidian Villavar - Bana people. Villavar and Bana people also considered Mahabali as their ancestor. Villavar and Bana kings performed Hiranyagarba ceremony. Hiranyakasipu was King Mahabali's ancestor.
Danava, Daitya and Bana all were called Asuras. Dravidians and Asuras could be the same clans of people.
ASURA-DRAVIDIAN
ReplyDeleteVILLAVAR MEENAVAR
Tamil Villavar and its subgroups Villavar, Vanavar and Malayar and their sea-going cousins called Meenavar, all these were the people who founded the ancient Pandiyan kingdom. Ancient Pandiyan kings were known by their subclans e.g Malayar clan, Malayadwaja Pandiyan. Villavar clan, Sarangadwaja PandyanMeenavar clan, Meenava Pandiyanetc
MERGER OF VILLAVAR CLANS
In the laterdays all the Villavar clans merged with Meenavar clans to produce Nadalvar or Nadar clans.
ORIGIN OF PANDIYAN KINGDOM
The beginning of the Pandiyan kingdom was at the prehistory at Kumarikandam. The capitals were Then Madurai, Kapadapuram and Madurai.
Timeline
1. Foundation of First Pandyan kingdom (9990 BC)
2. First Deluge (5550 BC)
3. Second Pandyan kingdom
4. Second Deluge (1850 BC)
5. Third Pandyan kingdom
6. End of Sangam age(1 AD)
DIVISION OF PANDYAN KINGDOM
The ancient Pandyan kingdom trifurcated into Chera, Chola and Pandyan kingdoms in Tamilakam.
THE END OF VILLAVAR KINGDOMS.
The Chera dynasty was shifted from Kodungaloor to Kollam following the Tulu-Nair invasion who attacked Kerala with the help of Arabs in 1120 AD. After Malik Kafur's attack and defeat of Pandyan kingdom in 1310 AD Villavars were massacred. All Kerala came under the Tulu-Nepalese rule. Nagas from Ahichatram-Nepal Dominated Kerala after 1335 AD. Tamilnadu was occupied by Telugu Balijas and Vanathirayars. The Vanathirayars became the leaders of gangetic Nagas of Tamilnadu. After 1377 AD Kerala and Tamil Nadu were ruled by Bana kings. Kerala and Tamilnadu were dominated by northern Nagas.
VILLAVAR MIGRATION TO SOUTH
KERALA
1. Migration from Kodungaloor to Kollam (1102 AD)
2. Migration from Kollam to Trivandrum, Kanyakumary and Srilanka (1335 AD)
TAMILNADU
1. Migration from Thanjavur to Kalakkad (1310 AD)
2. Migration from Madurai to Thirunelveli (1310 AD)
3. Migration from Thirunelveli to Kallidaikurichi and Ambasamudram (1377 AD to 1640 AD)
VILLAVAR IN THE NORTH INDIA
Villavar clans
1. Villavar = Bhil
2. Malayar
3. Vanavar = Bana
4. Meenavar = Meena
VILLAVAR TITLES AND BANA TITLES
Villavar =Bhil, Bhillava, Sarangha, Danava
Malayar=Maleya, Malaya
Vanavar=Bana, Vanathirayar
Meenavar=Meena, Matsya
Nadalvar=Nadava, Nadavara, Nadavaru.
Nadar=Nador
Panicker=Panika
Santar=Santara, Chanda
Pandiyan=Pandya
Maveli=Mahabali
CONCLUSION
Villavar-Nadar clans belong to an indigenous ancient rulers called Villavar and Bana clans who ruled the whole of India. The decline of Villavar was due to the genocide which followed the Delhi invasion. another reason was exodus of Villavar and Panickar to other counries.
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ASURA OF IRAN
ReplyDeleteAsura were known as Ahura. God of Ahura was Ahura Mazda, the supreme god.
SYRIA
Assyrian kingdom was founded by Assuryani people or Syrian people at 2500 BC. Assyrian capital at Assur.
Modern Syrians call themselves as Suryani people a variant of Assuryani.
In the Mesopotamia, Iran and Indus valley Asura|Bana-Meena |Villavar-Meenavar people might have played an important role in the establishment of ancient civilizations.
MULTIETHNIC BRAHMINS
ReplyDeleteBrahmins of India are not of Indo-Aryans alone but descend from various foreign Invaders and immigrants such as Greeks, Parthian, Scythians, Turkish, Jewish etc
ANCIENT BRAHMIN ORIGINS
Ancient Brahmins were Indo-Aryans. Their population could not have exceeded few thousands. Vedic Aryan Brahmin roots can be from Russia(Russi) and Ukraine. The Vedic Aryans also claimed descendency near Caspian sea which was also called Kasyapa Meera. Some Vedic Brahmins claimed descendency from Saka Dvipa ie Sistan province of Iran. Vedic Brahmins also claimed to have had stayed near Saraswathi river. Historical Saraswathi river was the Harahwaithi river (Arghandab river) near Kandahar in Afghanistan. The Brahmins from ancient Afghanistan called themselves Saraswath Brahmins. The Brahmins who came to Gangetic area from Saraswathi(Argandhab river) area called themselves Gauda Saraswatha Brahmins.
END OF VEDIC ARYAN ERA
Kurukshetra War might have occured around 543 BC or later. By 500 AD Vedic age (1200 BC to 500 BC) came to an End. Last Ikshavaku king Prasannajit embraced Buddhism. After 500 BC Magadha kingdom occupied most of the Vedic era territories.
EMERGENCE OF BUDDHISM
Between 500 BC to 300 AD Buddhism was the major religeon of India. Samrat Ashoka(268 to 232 BC) was a major proponent of Buddhism. In 184 BC Brihadratha Maurya the last king of Mauryan empire was murdered by his brahmin minister Pushyamitra Shunga. With is Brahmin influence once again increased. Many of the Scythian-Saka, Kushana, Huna, Turkish invaders were converted to Hinduism. Brahmins emerged from each of these invading races. Brahmins evolved from Pastoral, Agricultural and predatory invaders.A new Brahmin class emerged who were not present in India when Kurukshetra war was fought or when Ashoka ruled India. Despite their diverse origins each one of them try to identify themselves with Vedic Aryans.
NEW BRAHMINS
TURKISH-SYRIAN NAGAR BRAHMIN
Nagar Brahmins first came to Gujarat in 404 A.D., they lived in Sindh. Historians assert that Nagar Brahmins originated from Greece, Macedonia, Syria or regions surrounding these places. According to Somerset Pain, they are of Turkish-Syrian descent. According to Sir Herber Ridley, Nagar Brahmins are Indo-Scythians. Another historian claims that they originated from the ancient Nagar community of Iran.
JEWISH CHITPAVAN BRAHMINS
Historians Tudor Parfitt and Professor Yulia Egorova say that The Parashurama mythological story of shipwrecked people is similar to the mythological story of the Bene Israel Jews of Raigad district. According to the historian Roshen Dalal similarities between the legends may be due to a connection between the Chitpawans and the Bene Israel communities. The history of Bene Israel, who also settled in Konkan, claims that the Chitpavans are also of Jewish origin. In addition, Indian scholar Ramakrishna Gopal Bhandarkar has shown similarity between names of Chitpawans and the geographical sites in Palestine.
MULTIETHNIC BRAHMINS
ReplyDeleteINDO-ARYAN DESHASTHA BRAHMINS
Maharashtrian Brahmin community with the longest known history. Golak and Govardhan who raise cattle and sell them claim to be part of Deshastha Brahmin. At Maharashtra many might descent from Scythian Invaders and their Western Kshatrapa kingdom.
TAMIL BRAHMINS
After the attack of Malik Kafur in 1311 most of the earlier Tamil Brahmins mysteriously disappeared. When Madurai Naick rule was established in 1529 AD a new batch of Brahmins from Maharashtra migrated to Tamil Nadu.
The new Tamil Brahmins were closely related to Deshastha Brahmins. Tamil Brahmin women tuck their saree in a Similar manner as the Maharashtrian Brahmins. Tamil Brahmin used to wear black coat Black cap or Turban in a similar manner. Sir CP.Ramaswamy Iyer in his biography mentioned that his ancestors migrated from Desh area in Maharashtra in the 16th century. Tamil Brahmins had been part of Pancha Dravida Brahmins of Maharashtra.
AYYAR AND AYYAMGAR SURNAMES
Viswanatha Nayaka used the Ayyar and Ayyamgar titles. After this period many Maharashtrian Deshastha Brahmins were had been appointed as Tax collectors, military commanders and Administrators and with the Naicker titles such as Ayyar Ayyamgar. Thus Naickars created the latterday Tamil Brahmins. Ayyar used to be a Bana-Vanathirayar title. The Vanathirayar headmen of Kallars also use Ayyar title. The Christian protestant pastors of Tharangampadi also used Ayyar title since 1700s.
Kodakanallur inscription says that in 1546 after the invasion of Venad by Vittalaraya and defeat of Venad, King Ramavarma gave Chingaraiyan, son of Tathappayyangar power to collect Valangai, Kadamai taxes from Venad. Modern Tamil Brahmins thus came with hostile Vijayanagar invaders. The arrival of Ayyar and Ayyamgars was also marked by the era of brutal suppression of Dravidian Villavar people.
RAMAPPAYAN DALAVAY
Ramappayan Dalavay commander of Thirumalai Naicker, crushed the rebellion of the Setupatis of Ramnad. Ramappayan could be either an Ayyar or Nayaka as the Ayyar title was first used by Viswanatha Naicker.
RAMAYYAN DALAVA
Ramayyan Dalava (1737 to 1756 AD) served Travancore state. From this era the Dravidian Villavar people were denied military service. Villavar lands were confiscated by the Goverment. Suppression of Villavars in Travancore and their enslavement enforced.
NEPALI NAMBUTHIRI
Nambuthiri Brahmins migrated from Ahichatram, the capital of Uttarapanchala country ie ancient Nepal to Karnataka during the rule of Kadamba king Mayuravarma in 345 AD. Mayuravarma brought Naga slave warriors(Nairs) from Ahichatram under Brahmin leadership and settled them at coastal Karnataka. Nambuthiris were part of the Tuluva Brahmins.
In 1120 AD a Tulu invader called Banapperumal who allied with Arabs invaded Kerala with 350000 numbered Nair army and occupied Malabar. Banapperumsl embraced Islam and went to Arabia in 1156 AD. Northern Kerala fell in the hands Tulu-Nepalese people in 1156 AD. In 1311 AD when Malik Kafur invaded Pandyan empire, Nairs, Nambuthiris and Samantha's were allied with the Delhi sultanate. After the defeat of Pandyan kingdom by Malik Kafur all the Tamil kingdoms came to an end. Kerala was given to Tulu-Nepalese matriarchal Samantha rulers, Nairs and Nambuthiris by the Delhi sultanate. Thus Kerala came under the dominance of Nepalese Brahmins in 1335 AD who had the support of Arabs and Turks.
All the Nambuthiris written books such as Keralolpathi and Kerala Mahatmiyam mention their origin from Ahichatram which was the capital of ancient Nepal.
At the sametime Nambuthiris claim that Kerala was given to them by Lord Parashurama in the Treta Yuga ie 22 lakhs years ago.
In fact the Tulu-Nepalese kingdom of Malabar colluded with the Delhi Sultanate against the Tamil Chera Pandiyan Kingdoms. In return Malik Kafur gave the overlordship of Kerala to Tulu-Nepalese people is Nambuthiri Nayar and Samantha rulers, after the defeat of Pandiyan kingdom in 1311 AD.
MULTIETHNIC BRAHMINS
ReplyDeleteTURKISH AFGHAN MOHYAL BRAHMINS
Mohyal Brahmins is an Indian caste of Saraswat Brahmins , who had origins in the Afghan and Punjab region. Mohyal Brahmins are referred to as 'warrior brahmins'. Mohyals were once a priestly clan who resided near the ancient river Saraswati (Harahvaithi in Persian ie Arghandab river in Afghanistan). Mohyal Brahmins are Saraswat Brahmins of Punjabi descent, who originally belonged to the Ghandhara region which is now known as Pakistan and Afghanistan. As Harahvaithi river (Arghandab river) flows in Afghanistan, the Brahmins with Afghanistan roots call themselves as Saraswat Brahmins. The Turkish Brahmins such as Mohyals also call themselves Saraswat Brahmins.
IRAQI DATT SUBGROUP OF MOHYALS
The Dutts either originated in Iraq or spent a few centuries in Iraq before migrating or returning to India. Because of the martyrdom of almost all the men of their clan on behalf of Imam Hussain in the battle of Karbala(680 AD), they are known as Hussaini Brahmins. Datts might have been early Turks who resided at Hindiyah province of Iraq.
Childless Rahab Sidh Dutt met Prophet mohammed and requested that he may blessed and to have a child. But only prophet mohammed's grandson Imam Husain who was still a child prayed for Rahab Sidh Dutt. Rahab Sidh Dutt had seven children. Years latter in 680 AD in the Battle of Karbala all the sons of Rahab Sidh Dutt fought on the side of Shia Imam Husain. All the sons of Rahab Sidh Dutt were martyred in the war and their descendents are called Hussaini Brahmins.
GAUDA-SARASWAT BRAHMINS
Gauda Saraswatha Brahmins of West coast also may have Afghanistan roots.
Most of the Konkani Brahmins are Gauda Saraswata Brahmins. Gauda means Gangetic area and Saraswati (Harahwaiti-Arghandab river) means Afghanistan area.
AGRICULTURAL TYAGI BRAHMINS
Tyagi originally called Taga, is a cultivator caste who claim Brahmin status. The landholding community is confined to Western Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Delhi and Rajasthan started claiming Brahmin status during British period. There are Hindu and Muslim Tyagis.
BHANDARI
Bhandari means descent from Bana -Bhana ie ancient Asura rulers of India. Bana were the northern cousins of Villavars.
Many Toddy tappers from Maharashtra also call themselves as Bhandari.
Many Brahmins from Maharashtra are also known as Bhandari.
BUDDHIST PADMASHALI
Padmashali Bhargava of karnataka are subgroup of Bhargahava Brahmins. Former Buddhist Telugu Weaver caste were also called Padmasali.
Bhargava Brahmins of Haryana also called Padmashali
Manipadman was alternative name of Buddha. Padmasali meant the followers of Buddha. Padmasaliya were mainly buddhist weavers in south India. But in north India many Brahmins have Padmasaliya title.
MULTIETHNIC BRAHMINS
ReplyDeleteAMERICAN BRAHMINS
In America many Tamil Brahmins have married American Black or white Christians. Some of these Black Christian Tamil Brahmins have attained high positions in America.
Many have converted to Christianity and work as evangelists.. Those brahmins in American politics pretend to be Liberal Christian Democrats or Socialists. With western dress and devoid of any Hindu markings on the forehead they are hardly distinguishable from American politicians. Some of them pretend to be Gandhian Pacifists. Many of the Tamil Brahmins live in German American areas. They yearn to be accepted as member of German Aryan society.
The Tamil Brahmins married to White Americans are non-Vegetarians. The largest Beef producing company of the world Pepsico is run by a Tamil Brahmin lady. No Tamil Brahmin talks against eating Beef or pork in America. Traditionally Brahmins are not supposed to wear Leather Shoes as they are made of Cattle Leather. However most of the Brahmins wear shoes made of cattle leather.
Most of the conservative Brahmin politicians and Industrialists of India have relatives at America who adopt white Christian lifestyle. Changing colours according to the surroundings is a rare trait of Brahmins.
BRAHMIN CLASS
The multiethnic Brahmins with diverse ethnicities cooperate with each others. They never expose each other.
Most of the Brahmins might have evolved from the invaders after the Scythian-Saka invasion in 145 BC.
During the Kurukshetra war at sixth century BC they were not present in India. But most of the Brahmins pretend to be Vedic Aryans.
Turkic Mohyal Brahmins and Greek Nagar Brahmins are proud of their foreign heritage as well. Chitpavans are proud of their Jewish origins. At the same time all these brahmins are part of Indian Brahmin heritage.
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American Christian-Hindu Tamil Brahmin Professor preaching Christianity
https://youtu.be/Gvv4X1_8gg0
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American Christian-Hindu Tamil Brahmin Professor
https://youtu.be/Zug3x7_JTfI
____________________________________________
Jesus was a Tamil Brahmin.
If it is so, All christians are brahmins and brahmins also can celebrate christmas in a grand manner. In reality, Saibaba can be seen as jesus if a christian wants him to see as. God is love and love is god.
https://www.tamilbrahmins.com/threads/jesus-christ-was-a-tamil-brahmin.7880/
ASURA-DRAVIDIAN
ReplyDeleteVILLAVAR MEENAVAR
Tamil Villavar and its subgroups Villavar, Vanavar and Malayar and their sea-going cousins called Meenavar, all these were the people who founded the ancient Pandiyan kingdom. Ancient Pandiyan kings were known by their subclans e.g Malayar clan, Malayadwaja Pandiyan. Villavar clan, Sarangadwaja PandyanMeenavar clan, Meenava Pandiyanetc
MERGER OF VILLAVAR CLANS
In the laterdays all the Villavar clans merged with Meenavar clans to produce Nadalvar or Nadar clans.
ORIGIN OF PANDIYAN KINGDOM
The beginning of the Pandiyan kingdom was at the prehistory at Kumarikandam. The capitals were Then Madurai, Kapadapuram and Madurai.
Timeline
1. Foundation of First Pandyan kingdom (9990 BC)
2. First Deluge (5550 BC)
3. Second Pandyan kingdom
4. Second Deluge (1850 BC)
5. Third Pandyan kingdom
6. End of Sangam age(1 AD)
DIVISION OF PANDYAN KINGDOM
The ancient Pandyan kingdom trifurcated into Chera, Chola and Pandyan kingdoms in Tamilakam.
THE END OF VILLAVAR KINGDOMS.
The Chera dynasty was shifted from Kodungaloor to Kollam following the Tulu-Nair invasion who attacked Kerala with the help of Arabs in 1120 AD. After Malik Kafur's attack and defeat of Pandyan kingdom in 1310 AD Villavars were massacred. All Kerala came under the Tulu-Nepalese rule. Nagas from Ahichatram-Nepal Dominated Kerala after 1335 AD. Tamilnadu was occupied by Telugu Balijas and Vanathirayars. The Vanathirayars became the leaders of gangetic Nagas of Tamilnadu. After 1377 AD Kerala and Tamil Nadu were ruled by Bana kings. Kerala and Tamilnadu were dominated by northern Nagas.
VILLAVAR MIGRATION TO SOUTH
KERALA
1. Migration from Kodungaloor to Kollam (1102 AD)
2. Migration from Kollam to Trivandrum, Kanyakumary and Srilanka (1335 AD)
TAMILNADU
1. Migration from Thanjavur to Kalakkad (1310 AD)
2. Migration from Madurai to Thirunelveli (1310 AD)
3. Migration from Thirunelveli to Kallidaikurichi and Ambasamudram (1377 AD to 1640 AD)
VILLAVAR IN THE NORTH INDIA
Villavar clans
1. Villavar = Bhil
2. Malayar
3. Vanavar = Bana
4. Meenavar = Meena
VILLAVAR TITLES AND BANA TITLES
Villavar =Bhil, Bhillava, Sarangha, Danava
Malayar=Maleya, Malaya
Vanavar=Bana, Vanathirayar
Meenavar=Meena, Matsya
Nadalvar=Nadava, Nadavara, Nadavaru.
Nadar=Nador
Panicker=Panika
Santar=Santara, Chanda
Pandiyan=Pandya
Maveli=Mahabali
CONCLUSION
Villavar-Nadar clans belong to an indigenous ancient rulers called Villavar and Bana clans who ruled the whole of India. The decline of Villavar was due to the genocide which followed the Delhi invasion. another reason was exodus of Villavar and Panickar to other counries.
THE TITLES OF VILLAVAR-BANA DYNASTIES
ReplyDeleteVillavar and Bana clans were native Asura Dravidian ruler dynasties of India.
VILLAVAR AND BANAS
The Villavar and their northern cousins Banas were Dravidian ruler clans of India and Srilanka. Villavar and Banas descended from the clan of ancient Asura king Mahabali. Villavar subgroups were Villavar, Malayar and Vanavar. The seagoing cousins of Villavar were Meenavar. The merger of Villavar, Malayar, Vanavar and Meenavar clans created the Villava Nadazhwar or Nadar clans. Villavar and Banas ruled whole of India and Srilanka in the ancient times.
The various clans of Villavar-Bana dynasty are
1. Danava
2. Daitya
3 Bana
4. Bhil
5. Meena
6. Villavar
7. Meenavar
TITLES OF VILLAVAR OF CHERA CHOLA PANDIYAN KINGDOMS
Villavar, Nadalvar, Nadazhwar, Nadar, Nadan, Nadanmar, Nadakkamar, Santar, Chantor, Chanar, Shanar, Puzhukkai Chanar, Charnnavar, Chantrahar, Chanthakar, Chanthar, Chandar Perumbanar, Panickar, Panickkanadar, Annavi, Thiruppappu, Kavara, Illam, Kiriyam, Kana, Mootha Nadar, Marava Nadar, Kshatriya Nadar, Maran, Mara Nadar, Maravarman, Mukkandar, Moopar, Gramony, Nattathi, Karukkupattayathar, Kodimarathar, Kalla Chantar, Chedi Rayar, Chervaikkarar, Ezhachantar, Enathy, Asan, Sivanthi, Athithan, Adichan, Pandiyan, Pandiyakula Kshatriyar, Pandiya Thevar, Ravikula Kshatriyar, Nelamakkarar, Thevar, Kulasekhara, Kulasekhara Thevar, Villavar, Villar, Villavarayar, Vanavar, Vanniar, Malayar, Malayaman, Malayan Chantar, Meenavan, Chera, Magathai Nadazhwar, Makothai Nadazhwar, Nadavar, Nattavar, Nattar, Menattar, Chozhan, Chozha Thevar,, Chembian, Athiyar, Chonattar, Pandiya, Panayan, Panaya Maran, Panantharakan, Manattar, Nelveli Maran, Seeveli, Maveli, Kooveli etc
EZHAVA
Sannar, Panickar, Illathu Pillai, Illava, Thandan, Yakkar, Iyakkar, Chevakar
VILLARVETTOM KINGDOM OF SYRIAN CHRISTIANS
Maveli, Panickar, PanickarveetilVilledathu, Villadath,Vichatel, Ambadan, Pariyadan, Painadathu, Pynadath, Padayattil, Padamadan, Padayadan Panayathara, Pullan, Kolattu, Kovattukudi, Korattukudy, Kooveli, Cheradayi, Muvattu, Menacherry, Ezharathu, Manavalan, Manadan, Mannattu, Mazhuvanchery, Thandappilly, Veliath, Peruvanchikudy
SRILANKAN VILLAVAR
Villavar, Nadar, Chandar, Chanar, Chantar, Kottai Chantar, Yanaikkara Chantar, Kayittu Chantar, Nambi, Nalavar, Kottaivasal Nalavar, Panchamar, Chevakar, Bantari
YAZHPANAM ARIYACHAKRAVARTHI DYNASTY
Villavarayar, Kalinga Villavar, Panickar, Vanniar
KANDY KINGDOM
Kalinga Villavan, Dananjaya, Panickanar, Panickkar.
KOTTE KINGDOM
Villavar, Panickar.
BANAPPANDIYAN KINGDOMS OF KARNATAKA
Villavar = Bana, Bhilla, Bhillava
Nadar = Nador, Uppu Nador, Torke Nador
Nadalvar = Nadavara, Nadavaru, Nadava
Santar = Santara, Santha, Canta, Chanta, Santhara and Santa
Vanavar = Bana, Bantari, Bant, Bunt, Buntaru, Bhannaya
Malayar = Maleya
Meeenavar= Machiarasa
Chanar = Channa
Sanar = Sanna, Masana Masannaya
Pandiyan=Pandiya
Pandiya Thevar = Pandiya Deva
Udaiyar=Vodeya, Odeya, Odeyarasa
ALUPA PANDIYAN DYNASTY
Nadava, Banta, Buntaru, Pandya, Alva, Aluva, Dananjaya , Kulasekhara, Kulasekharadeva, Alupendra, Pattiyodeya, Pandyarajah Ballal, Bhannaya, Maleya, Bhillava, Banan, Bangera, Kunda
UCHANGI PANDYAN KINGDOM
Pandiya
IKKERI NAYAKA
Nayaka, Bananja, Balija
SANTARA PANDIYAN DYNASTY
Pandiya, Bana, Bhilla, Santara, Santha, Canta, Chanta, Santhara and Santa Machiarasa, ChannaSanna, Masana MasannayaVodeya, Odeya, Bhairarasa, Deva
NURUMBADA PANDIYA
Pandiya, Bhilla, ChannaSanna, Odeyarasadeva, Deva, Devarasa
KONKAN PANDYAN KINGDOM
Pandiya, Nadavara
GOA KADAMBA KINGDOM
Pandiya, Uppu Nador, Torke Nador, Bantari, Saluva
VIJAYANAGARA NAICKERS OF ANEGUNDI-KISHKINDA
Nayaka, Naickar, Devarayar, Balija, Bananjika, Bananja, Valanchiyar, Ayyavolu, Ainnoottuvar, Ayyar, Ayyamgar, Bana, Vanar, Vanarar
THE TITLES OF VILLAVAR-BANA DYNASTIES
DeleteBANA KINGDOM OF ANDHRA
Bana, Mahabali Vanathi Rayar, Mahavili Vanathirayar, Vanniar Vanathiraja, Vanava Rayar, Vana Adiyar, Sanna, Balija, Naicker, Manavalan, Kanda Gopalan, Choda
KOLAR BANA KINGDOM
Bana,Vanathirayar, Vanar, Mahabali Vanathirayar, Vanniar Mudiyeda Manavalan, Thirumaliruncholai Vana, Ponparappinan.
GOUD
Setti Balija
KALINGA BANA KINGDOM- RAMNAD- ARYACHAKRAVARTHI KINGDOM
Gangai Pillai Vanathirayar, Pillai Kulasekhara Vanathirayar, Vanniyar, Kalinga Villavan, Dananjaya, Makone, Kulasekhara, Singai Ariyan
MAHARASHTRA
Bhantari
NORTH INDIAN BANA-MEENA KINGDOMS
VILLAVAR -MEENAVAR TITLE AND BHIL-MEENA TITLES
1. VIllavar = Bhil
2. Malayar= Mer, Mehr, Mehar, Meron, Mewar, Mevasi, Gomaladu
3. Vanavar= Bana, Vana
4. Meenavar= Meena
5. Nadar, Nadalwar= Nadhala, Natharwal
6. Santar, Chandar= Chanda
7. Chera = Seroh
MEENA DYNASTY OF RAJASTHAN
Chanda, Chanda Meena, Meena, Bhil-Meena, Nadala, Nadhala, Nattala, Natharwal, Nattharwal, Gomaladu, Sihra, Seroh
BHIL CLANS
Bhil, Bhil Meena, Bhil Garasia, Dholi Bhil, Dungri Bhil, Dungri Garasia, Mewasi Bhil, Rawal Bhil, Tadvi Bhil, Bhagalia, Bhilala, Pawra, Vasava and Vasave.
BANA MERCHANTS OF NORTH INDIA
BANIA
Baaniya, Bania, Vania, Vaishnav Vania, Gupta
RAJPUT CLANS
Agnivanshi Rajputs, Chauhan
PANDYAS OF KUNDESHWAR BANPUR TIKAMGARH MADHYA PRADESH
Pandya, Panda, Pandyas of Kundeshwar, Baghwar Kshatriya, Bhagwar Rajput,
TIRGAR
Agni, Vanni, Tirbanda, Tirbonda, Tirgala, Banawadi, Bani Sad, Banwati, Kamanagar, Kamangar, Kamnagar, Ransaz, Tidgad, , Tirkar, Tirmali, Tirwar, Titkar, Tridar
PALLAVA BANA OF PANCHALA COUNTRY AND TAMILNADU
Vanniar, Vanniya Kula Kshatriyar, Agnikula Kshatriar, Kaduvetty, Thigalar, Vada Balija, Chavalakkarar, Chavalar, Vanne Kapu, Palle Kapu, Naicker, Vannia Gaunder
BANA KINGDOM OF SONITPUR ASSAM
Asura, Bana, Mahabali
TITLES OF BANA CLANS OF INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION
Mahabali, Danava, Daitya, Asura
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SANTARA PANDIAN DYNASTY
DeleteSantara Pandians who ruled Karnataka were the northern cousins of Nadars alias Santars of Villavar lineage. Santara Pandiyan clan was a branch of Kadamba Banappandiyan dynasty which ruled from Banavasi.
KADAMBA DYNASTY
Kadamba dynasty kings belonged Bana dynasty also known as Banappandiyan dynasty. Kadamba dynasty ruled from northern Karnataka with Banavasi as their capital. Banas were Northern cousins of Villavar who ruled Chera, Chola Pandyan dynasties. Thus Santara Pandiyan dynasty were northern relatives of Villavar Nadalvar-Nadar clans.
Kadambas were jungle dwellers similar to Vanavar subgroup of Villavars. Vanavar used tree insignia on their flags and in latter days Tiger insignia. Both Tree and Tiger were related to Jungle. Similarly Kadambas used Kadamba tree on their flags. Kadamba capital was known as Vanavasi or Banavasi. Kadambas and other Bana dynasties though related to Villavars were the arch enemies of Villavars.
KADAMBA ATTACK OF CHERA DYNASTY
Ancient Chera dynasty was repeatedly attacked by Kadambas of Banavasi. Imayavaramban Neduncheralathan (130 AD to 188 AD) claims to have defeated the Kadambas of Banavasi and also to have cut down the Kadamba tree which was the Royal identity of the Kadambas.
CLANS OF KADAMBA
The Banappandiyan dynasty of Kadambas had two Royal clans
1. Nurumbada Pandiya
2. Santara Pandiya
Nurumbada Pandiyan clans ruled from Nurumbada territory. Nurumbada meant one hundred paddyfields is Villages.
Santara Pandiyan clans ruled from Santalige territory. Santalige meant House of Santar clans.
Banas were the northern cousins of Villavars. Banas had similar Royal titles as the Villavar clans. Bana is the Sanskritised form of Villavar.
Villavar = Bana Bhilla, Bhillava
Nadar = Nador, Uppu Nador,Torke Nador
Nadalvar = Nadavara, Nadava
Santar = Santara, Santha, Canta, Chanta, Santhara and Santa
Vanavar = Bana, Bantari, Bant
Malayar = Maleya
Meeenavar=Machiarasa
Chanar = Channa
Sanar = Sanna, Masana Masannaya
Pandiya=Pandiya
Udaiyar=Vodeya, Odeya
SANTARA DYNASTY
First references about Santharas were in the inscriptions installed by the Chalukyan king Vinayaditya in 682 AD. Santara dynasty was also called as Cantas, Chanta, Santhara, Santa and Santha.
JINADATTA RAYA
Jinadatta Raya or Jindutt Rai, who was a Jain prince from Mathura in Northern India was the supposed founder of the Santara dynasty in 800 AD. Northern Mathura might have been a Banappandiyan kingdom.
Prince Jinadattaraya was peeved at the way he was treated by his father and decided to leave Mathura, carrying only the idol of Goddess Padmavati with him.
At 800 AD, Santara Pandiyans of Kadamba dynasty were split into two groups. One group of Santaras had preferred to remain at their Royal house at Banavasi. Another group of Santara Pandiyans moved to Hombuja, modern Humcha which became their new capital.
SANTARA PANDIAN DYNASTY
ReplyDeleteHOMBUJA
Hombucha was known as Golden Bit and it was also called in various inscriptions asPomburchchha, Patti Pomburchchha and Pombuchcha.
Humcha which was also called Pattipomburchhapura wbich had been thestronghold of the Kadamba of Banavasi between 3rd to 6th centuries AD and Chalukyas of Badami between 5th to 8th centuries AD.
Humcha became the capital of the Santara dynasty and the principality came to known as Santalige -1000 under the Chalukyas later.
Jinadattaraya migrated to the town of Humcha with an idol of the Jain deity Padmavati, laying the foundation of the Santara kingdom in Humcha. He also built many Jain temples at Humcha.
Prince Jinadattaraya reached a place where he rested under the lakki (Indrani) tree. As he slept, Goddess Padmavati appeared in his dream and instructed him to establish his Kingdom at this place. In the dream, the Goddess asked him to touch her image with his horse's 'bit' part of the bridle in the horse mouth. Jinadatta touched the Idol with the bridle horse bit, which was instantly changed into gold and brought him good fortune. The site of this miracle was henceforth referred to as Hombucha or Golden Bit.
Santaras were Jains and had matrimonial relations with the Saivite Alupa royal family. Both Santara dynasty and Alupa dynasty were Banappandiyan dynasties. Santara dynasty promoted Digambara Jain sect.
VIKRAMA SANTHA
In 897 AD King Vikrama Santha built a Jain temple called Gudda Basadi and installed the idol of Lord Bahubali.
Vikrama Santha had built a separate residence to his Guru Mouni Siddantha Bhattaraka who belonged to kunda Kundanvaya tradition in 897 AD.
On top of the nearby hill, high above the mutt, there is another ancient basadi dedicated to Bahubali, which was constructed in 898 AD by Vikramaditya Santara. Muttinakere, where River Kumudavathi originates from, is nearby.
BHUJABALI SANTHA
Bhujabali Santha had built a Jain temple at Hombuja and had named it after himself. Further, he had donated the village Harivara for the well being of his guru Kanakanandi deva.
SANTARA KING OF KADAMBA COUNTRY
In 934 Santara became the king of Kadamba kingdom. Thus Banavasi Rule of Kadamba king Kalivittarasa Interrupted for one year when Santara was ruling over Banavasi.
MACHIYARASA
In 954 Machiyarasa was ruling in Narakki area Banavasi 12000. Meenavar were called as Machiarasa in the Banappandiyan kingdoms.
SANTARAS, VASSALS OF CHALUKYAS
Around 990 AD Santara Pandiyans of Hombuja and Nurumbada Pandiyans who remained at Kadamba kingdom became vassals of Chalukyas of Kalyani.
SANTALIGE 1000 DIVISION
In 990 Shantara country of Hombuja-Humcha was made a separate province called Santalige 1000 division. It happened towards the end of the 10th century or early 11th century when Hombuja was under the Chalukyas of Kalyani.
After this period Santara country, became Vassal country of many powerful kingdoms such as, The Chalukyas of Kalyani, Rashtakutas,Hoysalas, Vijayanagara dynasty and the Keladi Nayakas etc
SANTALIGE COUNTRY UNDER KADAMBA DYNASTY
In 1012 Hombuja kingdom ie Santalige1000 was brought under the control of Kadamba Kingdom. Santara Prince of Hombuja became a vassal of Kadamba king Chatta Kadamba.
In 1016 AD Santara clans of Hombuja overthrew Kadamba Suzernity. After that Kadamba dynasty of Banavasi ruled only Banavasi 12000 under the suzernity of Jayasimha Vallabha Chalukya.
SANTALIGE UNDER KADAMBA DYNASTY AGAIN
In 1031 Kadamba King Chatta Deva was ruling over Banavasi 12000 and Santalige 1000 ie Hombuja. Son of Kadamba Chatta Deva, SATYASRAYA DEVA, was the GOVERNOR of Santalige province.
HOMBUJA SANTARAS UNDER HOYSALA DYNASTY
Hoysala king Vinayaditya (1047 to 1098) brought Hombuja Santara kingdom under his control.
SANTARA PANDIAN DYNASTY
ReplyDeleteJAGA DEVA SANTARA
In 1099 A.D Jaga Deva Santara was ruling from Patti Pomburchcha Pura ie Humcha.
SANTARA DYNASTY OF KALASA
In 1100 Jakaladevi and Balaraja belonging to Santara dynasty ruled from their capital Kalasa in the Westernghats.
SANTARA DYNASTY OF HOMBUJA
In 1103 AD Santara king Malla Santha in memory of his wife Veera Abbarasi and in honour to his Guru Vadigaratta Ajithasena Pandita Deva had laid the foundation stone of a temple at Hombuja.
BHUJABALI SANTHA
In 1115 A.D Bhujabali Santha of Santara dynasty had built a Jain temple at Hombuja. Nanni Santha, brother of Bhujabali Santha was a staunch follower of Jainism.
SANTALIGE BROUGHT UNDER CHALUKYA DYNASTY
In 1116 AD all Kadamba territories ieBanavasi, Hangal and Santalige 1000 territory ruled by Hombuja Santara dynasty, were united again under the overlordship of Western Chalukya king Taila II.
WAR BETWEEN CHALUKYA AND SANTARA DYNASTY
In 1127 AD there was war between Western Chalukya King Tailapa and Santara king Permadi.
Banavasi Dandanayaka Masanayya sent his brother in law Kaliga Nayaka who defeated Santara king and Santara king was dispossessed of his kingdom.
Santalige continued to be under Kadamba Dynasty until 1130 AD.
CHALUKYA PRINCE CROWNED AS KADAMBA KING
In 1131 AD Mayuravarma III son of Chalukya king Tailapa was made king of Kadamba kingdom All the former Kadamba territories, Hangal,Banavasi 12000 and Santalige 1000 came under his suzernity.
MASANAYYA
Viragal at Hangal says that Dandanayaka, Masanayya alias Masana protected the boy who had been made king as Mayuravarma III.
SANTALIGE UNDER SANTARA KING
In 1172 Veerasantha who succeeded Nanniyaganga as the ruler of Hombuja was called as "Jinadevana Charana Kamalgala Bhrama"
SANTARA KINGS OF HOSAGUNDA
After 1180 Beeradevarasa, Bommarasa and Kammarasa became the kings of the Hosagunda branch of Santara dynasty.
At 1200 AD Teerthahalli region near Humcha was then known as Santalige Savira indicating that Teerthahalli region was under Santalige 1000. Savira meant 1000 in Kannada.
SPLITTING OF SANTARA DYNASTY
Santara dynasty split into two branches by the 12 century AD. One branch was stationed in Hosagunda of Shimoga district and another branch to Kalasa in the Western ghats, chikkamagalur district.
MIGRATION FROM HOMBUJA
Gradually these Santara dynasty branches ie Hosagunda and Kalasa branches or only the Kalasa branch shifted their capitals to Keravashe which was 14 km north-east of Karkala and then to Karkala, both were in the old South Canara district. Hence the territory they ruled was also known as the Kalasa-Karkala kingdom.
HOSAGUNDA SANTARA DYNASTY'S CONVERSION TO HINDUISM
In 1200 Santara branch that was stationed in Hosagunda who were originally Digambara Jains embraced Shavite Hinduism.
KALASA-KARKALA KINGDOM
In 1200 AD a branch of Santara Pandiyan dynasty moved to south from Hombuja-Humcha and founded two capitals.
One capital was Karkala in the coastal plains and another capital Kalasa was in the Western ghats. Hence the territory ruled by Santara Pandiyan dynasty was also known as the Kalasa-Karkala kingdom.
After 1200 AD Santara Kings were also called as Bhairarasa, who ruled over Malenadu region in the Westernghats, as well as the Coastal Districts of Karnataka.
Kalasa-Karakala kingdom extended over a wider area comprising Sringeri, Koppa, Balehonnur, Mudigere in Chikamagalur and most of the Karkala taluk. Kalasa-Karkala kingdom was situated east of Mangalore. Karkala was also known as Pandiya Nagari.
SANTALIGE UNDER VIJAYANAGARA
After 1336 AD Santara dynasty of Hombuja-Hosagunda became the subordinate Vassal country under the suzernity of the Vijayanagara Empire. But the Kalasa-Karkala Santara Pandiyan kingdom remained independent.
SANTARA PANDIAN DYNASTY
ReplyDeleteKARKALA SANTARA PANDYAS
Santara King Veera Bhairarasa ruled from Karkala from 1390 AD to 1420 AD.
INSTALLATION OF BAHUBALI STATUE BY SANTARA VEERA PANDYA DEVA
At 1432 AD Santara Veera Pandya Deva, who was a scholar known for his generous disposition was ruling from Karkala otherwise known as Pandiya Nagari. Karkala had been the capital of Santara dynasty. Santara Veera Pandya maintained good relations with the Sringeri Math. The biggest achievement of Santara Veera Pandya Deva's reign was the installation of the 42 feet high monolithic statue of Lord Bahubali at Karkala at 1432 AD. Santara ruler Veera Pandya had the title Bhairarasa also.
VEERA PANDYA IV
In 1455 AD Santara Veera Pandya was succeeded to throne by his brother's son, Veera Pandya IV and he ruled from 1455 to 1475 AD. King Santara Veera Pandiya IV constructed the 57-foot beautifully carved Manastambha in front of the Neminatha Basadi at Hiriyangady in 1457 AD. On the completion of the Manastambha, he got the title "Abhinava Pandya.''
IMMADI BHAIRARASA VODEYA SANTARA
Chaturmukha Jain Basadi in Karkala was constructed under the patronage of Immadi Vodeya (Bhairava II) of the Santara Dynasty at 1586 AD. Chaturmukha Jain Basadi which had been built in the late 16th-century contains images of Jain saints Aranath, Mallinath and Munisuvratnath. Chaturmukha Basadi was built on top of a small rocky hill in 1586 A.D. The Basadi had four identical entrances from the four quarters leading to the Garbagriha and hence is popularly known as Chaturmukha Basadi.
Immadi Bhairava Vodeya, who was also instrumental in building a "Sadhana Chaityalaya'' at a place called Koppa.
Vodeya title is similar to Udaiyar title of Vanavar subgroup of Villavars.
END OF SANTARA PANDIAN DYNASTY
The Santara Pandiyan dynasty disappeared after the invasions by the Nayakas of Keladi and by Hyder Ali in 1763 AD.
KELADI NAYAKA DYNASTY
The Keladi Nayakas established their kingdom around 1499 AD with capital at Keladi near Hosagunda, in the area formerly ruled by Santara dynasty of Hombuja. Keladi Nayakas also belonged to Bana Dynasty similar to Santara Pandiyan dynasty and to the Banajiga subgroup of Balija Naickers. Keladii Nayakas occupied Karnataka south of Keladi and northern Kerala upto Kannur.
Most of the areas of a Kalasa-Karkala Santara Pandiyan kingdom had been occupied by the Kelady Nayakas by the AD 1700s.
INVASION OF HYDER ALI
In 1763 AD Hyder Ali defeated Keladi Nayakas and annexed Keladi Nayaka kingdom to Mysore kingdom. Hyder Ali invaded Santara Pandiyan kingdom of Karkala in 1763 AD and annexed it to Mysore Kingdom. Santara Pandiyan dynasty completely disappeared after the invasion of Hyder Ali.
CONCLUSION:
The Chera, Chola and Pandiyan kingdoms ruled by Santars who were also known as Nadalvar, Nadar or Chanar. Santar rulers descended from the ancient Villavar-Meenavar dynasty.
Following the invasions of Turkish sultanate in 1311 AD and the invasion of Balija Naickers of Kishkinda-Anegundi in 1377 AD, Chera, Chola and Pandian kingdoms came to an end.
Similarly Santara Pandiyan kingdom of Karnataka came to an end after the invasion of Keladi Nayakas who were Balija Naickers in the 1700s and the invasion of Hyder Ali in 1763 AD.
DRAVIDIAN FISHERMEN AND NAGA FISHERMEN
ReplyDeleteThe ancient Dravidian fishermen called Meenavar had been twin caste of Villavars. Villavar subgroups Villavar, Malayar, Vanavar and Meenavar founded the Pandiyan dynasty at 9990 BC.
The Pandiyan kingdom was split into Chera, Chola Pandiyan kingdoms much later. By the merger of all the Villavar clans created the Nadalvar or Nadar community. Naga fishermen such as Paradavar, Mukkuvar and Karaiyar are not ethnically related to Dravidian Villavar-Meenaavar people.
At 570 BC Maravar belonging to Guhan clans, who were fishermen invaded Srilanka ruled by Iyakkar king Ravanan. Mukkuvar also belonged to Guhankulathor or Murguhar category. Maravar, Mukkuvar and Sinhalese were Murguhar who descended from three clans of Guhan called Singar,Vangar and Kalingar according to Mattakalappu Manmiyam.
Srilanka was thus occupied by North Indian Naga tribes. Sinhalese speak an Indo-Aryan tongue. Paradavar from Parada kingdom and Karaiyar from Kuru kingdom migrated to south India and became fishermen. Paradavar might have been expelled from their Parvatha kingdom after the invasion of Alexander in 323 BC. Paradavar after their arrival fought wars against Chola and Pandiyan kings. Paradavar, Mukkuvar and Karaiyar were Prakrit speaking North Indian Naga clans who were ethnically different from Dravidian people. But gradually Naga clans adopted Dravidian languages and culture.
Conclusion:
The ancient Dravidian fishermen called Meenavar were part of Villavar-Meenavar Confederacy. The Villavar subgroups Villavar, Malayar, Vanavar and Meenavar. All the Villavar subgroups merged to form Nadazhwar or Nadar clans.
From 570 BC onwards Indus valley and Gangetic river area Naga clans migrated from north India to Tamilnadu, Kerala and Srilanka. These Naga clans who became fishermen were Paradavar, Mukkuvar, Karayar etc . Naga clans claimed descendency from Parada kingdom of Indus valley, Guhan clans of Ganges and Kurukula of Pandavas. These Naga fishermen also sometimes call themselves Meenavar in Tamil. Paradavar, Mukkuvar, Karaiyar and other Naga fishermen had been the enemies of Dravidian Villavar-Meenavar kingdoms. Naga fishermen are not ethnically related to Villavar-Nadar clans. Neither the Naga fishermen of Tamilnadu are ethnically related to Bhil-Meena clans of North India.
FALL OF VILLAVAR-MEENAVAR KINGDOMS
ReplyDeleteBEGINNING OF INDIA
Dravidian Villavar-Meenavar and Bana-Bhil-Meena clans had been the rulers of India ever since 50000 years. Pandiyan kingdom was established at 9990 BC according Sangam literature such as Silappatikaram and a Tamil book called Iraiyanar Agapporul.
INDO-ARYAN ARRIVAL
At 1800 BC Indo-Aryans appeared at the Indus along with Naga clans led by Nahusha. Around 1100 BC Indo-Aryans settled down at Uttar Pradesh and Punjab. Aryans called Dravidian Bana kings as Asura.
FOREIGN INVADERS
Foreign Invaders such as Persians, Greeks, Scythians, Parthians, Kushana, Huna, Hepthalite(Turkish), Arab, Turkish, and Europeans allied with Aryan Naga people and opposed Dravidian clans such as Bana, Bhil, Meena, Villavar, Meenavar. Worst enemies of Villava Nadars were the Turkish invaders.
TURKISH INVADERS
The Turkish invader Malik-Kafur who invaded Pandiyan country in 1311 AD was the worst enemy of the Villavar rulers. With that Chera, Chola and Pandiyan dynasties came to an end. Villavar were massacred by the 200000 strong Turkish army. Nadars who refused to convert to Islam were killed.
Many Nadars fled to Srilanka. Nadars found refuge in the western ghats at a hill called Chanar Malai near Chenkottah near the ancient Pandiyan kingdom Tenkasi. Many Nadars resided at the hills for 300 years.
TREACHERY OF NAGAS
Many Naga clans such as Kallar, Vellalar had converted to Islam and became landowners in these period.
As late as 1700 AD Sethupathy king of Ramnad handed over hundred Nadars to Arabs as slaves. But when Nadars refused to convert to Islam they were thrown into sea. Villavar temples were occupied by Nagas. Nepalese Naga clans such as Nairs, Gangetic Nagas such as Kallar, Mar avar, Vellalar etc had enjoyed a golden age under British. Dravidian Villavar-Nadars were suppressed by European colonial rulers.
Europeans supported Aryan Brahmins and Nagas against indigenous Dravidian ruler clans such as Nadars.
विल्लवर-मीनवर साम्राज्यों का पतन
ReplyDeleteभारत की शुरुआत
द्रविड़ विल्लवर-मीनवर और बाणा-भील-मीना वंश 50000 वर्षों से भारत के शासक थे। पांडियन साम्राज्य की स्थापना 9990 ईसा पूर्व में संगम साहित्य जैसे कि सिलप्पटिकारम और एक तमिल पुस्तक इरैयनार अगप्पोरुल के अनुसार की गई थी।
हिन्द-आर्य आगमन
1800 ईसा पूर्व में नहुष के नेतृत्व में नागा वंशों के साथ सिंधु में इंडो-आर्यन लोग दिखाई दिए। लगभग 1100 ईसा पूर्व हिन्द-आर्य उत्तर प्रदेश और पंजाब में बस गए। आर्यों ने द्रविड़ बाण राजाओं को असुर कहा। आर्यन नागा वंशों ने महाबली जैसे स्वदेशी असुर द्रविड़ राजाओं को मार डाला। विल्लवर-मीनवर और बाण-भील-मीना भी महाबली नामक असुर द्रविड़ राजाओं के वंश के थे।
विदेशी आक्रमणकारियों
विदेशी आक्रमणकारियों जैसे फारसी, ग्रीक, सीथियन, पार्थियन, कुषाण, हुण, हेप्थालाइट (तुर्की), अरब, तुर्की और यूरोपीय लोगों ने आर्य नागा लोगों के साथ गठबंधन किया और बाणा, भील, मीना, विलृलवर, मीनवर जैसे द्रविड़ कुलों का विरोध किया। चूंकि सीथियन आर्य जाति के थे, इसलिए इंडो-आर्यों ने सीथियन और अन्य फारसी आक्रमणकारियों के साथ हाथ मिलाया। विल्लव नाटारों के सबसे बड़े दुश्मन तुर्की आक्रमणकारियों थे।
दक्षिण में नागा प्रवासन
लगभग 540 ईसा पूर्व कुरुक्षेत्र युद्ध के बाद अंतिम इक्ष्वाकु राजा प्रसन्नजीत बौद्ध बन गए। गंगा क्षेत्र, सिंधु घाटी, पारदराज साम्राज्य और कुरु साम्राज्य के नागा कुलों के थोक बौद्ध बन गए। इन बौद्ध नागाओं को आर्य ब्राह्मणों के विरोध का सामना करना पड़ा, जो पहले श्रीलंका और फिर थमिलकम चले गए। इन नागा कुलों ने 250 ईस्वी से 575 ईस्वी के बीच प्राचीन तमिलनाडु और केरल में एक अंधकारमय युग लाया।
कल्लर, मरवर, अगमुदय्यार, वेल्लालर और नायर जैसे नागा वंश जो विल्लवर साम्राज्यों के विरोधी थे, अरब और तुर्की आक्रमणकारियों में शामिल हो गए। एक तुलु बौद्ध आक्रमणकारी जिसे बाणप्पेरुमल कहा जाता है, अरबों के साथ संबद्ध होकर 1120 ईस्वी में नायरों की एक नेपाली सेना के साथ केरल पर आक्रमण किया और मालाबार पर कब्जा कर लिया। बाणप्पेरुमाल ने इस्लाम धर्म अपना लिया और अपने बेटे को कण्णूर के कोलाथिरी वंश का पहला शासक बनाकर अरब चला गया।
तुर्की आक्रमणकारियों
1311 ई. में पांडियन देश पर आक्रमण करने वाला तुर्की आक्रमणकारी मालिक-काफूर विल्लवर शासकों का सबसे बड़ा दुश्मन था। इसके साथ ही चेर, चोल और पांडियन राजवंशों का अंत हो गया। 200000 मजबूत तुर्की सेना द्वारा विल्लवर का नरसंहार किया गया था। जिन नाडारों ने इस्लाम अपनाने से इनकार कर दिया, उन्हें मार दिया गया।
कई नाडारों श्रीलंका भाग गए। कई नाडारों ने अपने तेनकासी पांडियन साम्राज्य के पास, पश्चिमी घाट में चॆङ्कोट्टै के पास चाणार मलै नामक एक पहाड़ी पर शरण ली। कई नाडारों 300 वर्षों तक पहाड़ियों पर रहे।
नागा कुलों का विश्वासघात
कल्लर, वेल्लालर जैसे कई नागा कुलों ने इस्लाम धर्म अपना लिया था और इस अवधि में जमींदार बन गए थे।
1700 ई. के अंत तक रामनाथ के राजा सेतुपति ने सौ नाडारों को गुलामों के रूप में अरबों को सौंप दिया। लेकिन जब नाडारों ने इस्लाम अपनाने से इनकार कर दिया तो उन्हें समुद्र में फेंक दिया गया। विल्लवर मंदिरों पर नागाओं का कब्जा था। नेपाली नागा कुलों जैसे नायर, गंगा के नागा जैसे कल्लर, मरवर, वेल्लालर आदि ने अंग्रेजों के अधीन स्वर्ण युग का आनंद लिया था। द्रविड़ विल्लवर-नाडारों को यूरोपीय औपनिवेशिक शासकों ने दबा दिया था।
यूरोपीय लोगों ने नाडार जैसे स्वदेशी द्रविड़ शासक कुलों के खिलाफ आर्य ब्राह्मणों और नागाओं का समर्थन किया।
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NURUMBADA PANDYAN DYNASTY
ReplyDeleteNurumbada Pandyas and Santara Pandiyas are two dynasties of Bana Pandiyas from Kadamba Kingdom, who were the original rulers of Kadamba kingdom.
Banas were the northern cousins of Villavars. Banas had similar Royal titles as the Villavar clans. Bana is the Sanskritised form of Villavar.
Villavar = Bana Bhilla, Bhillava
Nadar = Nador, Uppu Nador, Torke Nador
Nadalvar = Nadavara, Nadava
Santar = Santara, Santha, Canta, Chanta, Santhara and Santa
Vanavar = Bana, Bantari, Bant
Malayar = Maleya
Meeenavar=Machiarasa
Chanar = Channa, Sanar = Sanna, Masanna, Masannaya
Pandiya=Pandiya
Udaiyar=Vodeya, Odeya
BANAPPANDIYAN KADAMBA DYNASTY
Kadamba dynasty ruling over Banavasi it was the arch enemy of Chera kingdom. When Imayavaramban Neduncheralathan (130 AD to 188 AD) was ruling Chera kingdom Kadambas of Banavasi repeatedly attacked Chera country. Imayavaramban won atleast one war against them. Imayavaramban Neduncheralathan claimed to have destroyed Banavasi and also he claimed to have cut down the Kadamba tree which was the symbol of Royal authority of Kadamba kings.
BRAHMIN KADAMBA DYNASTY
in 345 AD Kadamba dynasty of Banappandiyan clans was replaced by a Brahmin dynasty. The Brahmin dynasty established by Mayurasharma a northern Brahmin was also called Kadamba dynasty .
Brahmin Kadamba dynasty which ruled Banavasi between 345 AD to 900 AD never used Banappandiyan titles of Kadamba dynasty such as Santara, Pandiya, Nadavara or Nador.
Nurumbada and Santara Pandya clans had been downgraded to subordinates of Brahmin Kadamba dynasty founded by Mayura Varma in 345 AD. Brahmin Kadamba dynasty ruled until 900 AD.
RATTAPALLI NURUMBADA KINGDOM
After the fall of Brahmin Kadamba dynasty at 900 AD Nurumbada Pandyas reestablished their Pandya dynasty again making their capital at Rattapallli also known as Rattihalli at the banks of Kumudvati river.
CHANNA CLANS
Many places named after Channa clans, are found near the capital Rathapalli. This is because the Nurumbada Pandiyas might have belonged to Channa clan of Kadamba dynasty.
Sannagubbi was two kilometres away from Rathapalli. Sannasangapur was 18 km away and Channahalli 27 km from Rattapalli. Nurumbada Pandyan kingdom was at the present day Haveri district.
RASHTRAPALLI
Earlier Rattihalli was called as Rashtrapalli by Rashtrakuta dynasty.
FORMATION OF NURUMBADA
Around 1000 AD, Ittage Thirty ie the present Itgi in the Ranebennur Taluk was combined with Rattapalli Seventy formed a division called Nurumbada (Hundred Villages) or Rattapalli Nurumbada.
PANDYA DEVA
Kanavi Siddageri epigraph, dated to 1015-44 AD period in the reign of Chalukya Jayasimhadeva II gives a genealogical details of Kadamba Pandyas of Nurumbada up to the rule of Pandyadeva, and also registers a grant of lands etc made to Jamadagni Ramesvaradeva temple of Bhagavatighatta.
NURUMBADA KINGDOM UNDER CHALUKYA DYNASTY
At the 12th Century AD Nurumbada Pandyas came under the Suzernity of Western Chalukya empire.
VIKRAMADITYA PANDYA
At 1138 AD Mahamandalesvara Vikramaditya Pandya was a Vassal king under the suzernity of Western Chalukyas.
NURUMBADA GIVEN TO KADAMBA CHIEFTAIN
During the reign of Western Chalukya king Somesvara I (1042 to 1068 AD) or Somesvara II (1068 to 1076 AD). Nurumbada territory was given to the Kadamba chief Biradeva when he defeated the enemies of the Chalukyas and presented a tusker.
VIRA PANDYA
At 1162 AD Nurumbada king Vira Pandya was mentioned in an inscription of Gutta clan chief Vikramaditya II.
GARUNDA PANDYADEVA
Garunda Pandyadeva, a subordinate ruler under Kalachuri king Rayamurari Sovideva (1167-76) had given land grant to the temple of God Virupakshadeva of Itagi.
BIRADEVA
At 1174 AD when Kalachuri Rayamurari Sovideva was the Kalachuri ruler, Biradeva was administering Rattapalli Nurumbada territory under him.
PANDYADEVARASA
Later Mahamandalesvara Pandyadevarasa, the grandson of Biradeva, made grants to the temple of god Kadambesvara.
NURUMBADA PANDYAN DYNASTY
ReplyDeleteWAR BETWEEN UCHANGI PANDYA AND NURUMBADA PANDYA
There was power struggle between Bhujabala Pandya who ruled from Rattihalli as a subordinate Vassal of Hoysala King Ballala ll, and Vijaya Pandya of Uchangi as both had occupied the territories of Nolambavadi Kingdom.
VIJAYA PANDYA
Vijaya Pandya of Uchangi, ruled over Nolambavadi from Uchangi from about 1148 AD to about 1187 AD. Nolamba dynasty had ruled over 1/3 area of Karnataka and also had extended their rule to Andhrapradesh and into northern Tamilnadu.
GUTTA KINGDOM
Gutta kingdom was a minor kingdom which a was neighbouring kingdom of Nurumbada Pandyan kingdom.
DEFEAT OF BHUJAPALA PANDYA
Gutta king Vikramaditya’s wife, Sovaladevi, belonged to the family of King Vijaya Pandya of Uchangi. Gutta king Vikramaditya sided with Uchangi King Vijaya Pandya and in the ensueing war defeated Nurumbada King Bhujapala Pandya and his overlord Hoysala Ballala ll in 1187 AD.
JAGADEVA PANDYA
An inscription at Haralahalli at 1188 AD mentions Jagadeva Pandya, Odeyarasadeva and his son Vijaya Pandyadeva. Vijaya Pandyadeva donated a village to Kalamukha sect, a medieval Shaivite sect which flourished under Nurumbada Pandyas.
VEERA PANDYA DEVA
At 1188 AD During the reign of the Kalachurya king Ahavamalla an inscription at Haralahalli mentions Nurumbada dynasty Kings Vira Pandyadeva and Kumara Vira Pandyadeva.
BIRADEVA
1238 AD inscription related to Kadambesvara temple at Rattihalli mentioned King Biradeva of Nurumbada and also his grandsons Garuda Pandya and Vira Pandya.
INVASION OF SEUNA YADHAVA DYNASTY
Seuna Yadava dynasty ruled from Devagiri at Maharashtra. They were also called as Devagiri Yadhava dynasty. Seuna Yadhava dynasty ruled the areas between Narmadha river in the north to Tungabhadra river in the south between 1187 AD to 1317 AD.
END OF NURUMBADA PANDIYAN DYNASTY
In 1238 AD Ratihalli Fort of Nurumbada Pandiyan dynasty was captured by Yadhava King Simhana II alias Singhana(1210 AD to 1246 AD).With this the Nurumbada Banappandiyan dynasty ended.
MEENA DYNASTY
ReplyDeleteThe story of Meena kings who are the northern relatives of Nadars.
Meena clan might have derived their name from the Dravidian Tamil word for Fish Meen. Meena clans are part of ancient North Indian Dravidian ruler clans.
Meena clan of Rajastan are the Northern cousins of Nadars. Meena title used by the Meenas is a variation of Meenavar title used by Villavar-Nadar clans. Bhil-meena title used by Meenas is equal to Villavar-Meenavar title of Nadars.
Nadar ie Villavar in the ancient times had three subgroups called Villavar, Malayar and Vanavar. The seagoing fishing cousins of Villavar were Meenavar.
Meena is a caste mainly residing in the state of Rajasthan, India. Meena caste is considered to be one of the oldest castes of India. According to the Vedas and Puranas, Meena caste is the symbol of Matsya and Meena is the symbol of Meena tribe. While Matsya Jayanti celebrated by Meena Samaj, on the other hand, the festival of Gangaur is celebrated with great pomp all over Rajasthan on this day. The symbol of Meena caste was fish. Fish is called Matsya in Sanskrit. In ancient times kings of Meena caste had the sign of fish inscribed in the coat of arms and in the flags.
Meena clan is the numerically largest tribe in Rajasthan. They once ruled the former kingdoms Jaipur and Alwar and were essentially an agricultural community. Alwar meant rulers in Tamil.
CHANDA MEENA
In ancient times ie till 10th Century North of India was mainly ruled by clans of Chauhans. Chanda, a clan of Zamindar Meena is one of the branch from Chauhans. Chandas were ruling Khoganw, now part of Jaipur and were head of confederation of Meena kingdom. Chanda is variant of Santar. Chanda Meena meant Santar Meenavar.
Meena clans were the traditional rulers of Rajasthan until 1036 AD. Meena clan ruled Rajasthan and Gangetic area from time immemorial.
INDUS VALLEY
Meena clan could be among the oldest residents of the Indus Valley along with tne other Dravidian Bana, Villavar, Danava and Daitya clans of Indus Valley.
The emblem of the Jethwa dynasty of western Kathiawar of Gujarat is still in the form of fish. Jethwa people are considered to be of the Mer (Mahar, Rawat) community. Jethwa was a dynastic branch of the Meron clan. The Meron clan were a member of the Meena community.
Mer or dwellers of Hill is identical with Malayar subgroup of Villavars.
MAHABHARATHA
In Mahabharatham Pandava and Draupathy lived in annonimity for one year in the palace of King Virata. King Virata was the Meena king who ruled over Matsya kingdom. Matsya was the Sanskrtised form of Meena clan.
JAGA'S RECORDS
According to the records maintained by Jagas of Rajasthan for Chanda clan, reveals past history about Chanda clan and Kingdoms. As per Jagas, Chanda Meenas are Agnivanshis and a sub clan of Chauhans.
Banas were the Northern cousins of Villavar who belonged to Fire dynasty. Intermixture of Banas with Scythians and Hunas created Rajput clans. Thus Chauhan title of Bana-Meenas were used by Rajputra also. Chauhan is a variant of Chanar.
BHIL-MEENA
Meena rulers built Amer fort which is near modern Jaipur. Villavar Meenavar are known as Bana-Bhil meena in northern India. Bhilmeenas ruled Rajasthan in the middle ages. The Royal title of Meena kings was Chaanda Meena ie Chantrar Meena.
AMER
Meena dynasty had many subclans. Jhotwara are named after Jhota Meena rulers . Geta Meena were the umbrella of Jaipur rulers. Amer was founded by Meena Raja Alansi. There is evidence of the settlement of Amer in 967 AD as well.
MEENA DYNASTY
ReplyDeleteALAN SINGH CHANDA MEENA
The Meena Raja Ralun Singh who was also known as Alan Singh Chaanda Meena was the king of Khogong. He belonged to chanda Gotra. Alan Singh Chanda Meena kind-heartedly adopted a stranded Rajputra mother and her child who sought refuge in his realm. Later, the Meena king sent the child, Dhola Rae, to Delhi to represent the Meena kingdom.
The son of the king Prithvi Raj of Delhi was married to the daughter of the king Alan Singh Chanda . This Alan SIngh Chanda Meena might be a different king belonged to a later period at 1090 AD but had the same name. This also reveals the link between Chandas and Chauhans. Other interesting fact, Chauhans claim to have descended from Dhundhar and historically before Kachwahas it was ruled by dynasty of Chanda Meenas approximately till 10th century AD. Dhundhar was the old name of Jaipur, the capital of Rajasthan.
THE TREACHERY OF DOLA RAI
The Rajput in gratitude for these favours, the adopted son of King Alan singh Chanda Meena, Dhola Rai returned with Rajputra conspirers and massacred the weaponless Meenas on Diwali while performing rituals i.e. Pitra Tarpan, it is customary in the Meenas to be weaponless at the time of PitraTarpan. Meenas were the original rulers of Rajasthan but were defeated treacherously by Kachwaha Rajaputira clan in 1036 AD. his betrayal of Kachwaha Rajputs to Meena clan was termed as one of the most shameful and coward act in Indian history.
Rajaputra invader Dhola Rai determined to subjugate the Seroh tribe of Meena clan chief, Rao Natto, dwelt at Manch.
SUBJUGATION OF MEENAS BY RAJPUT INVADERS
KACHWAHA RAJPUTRA CLAN
Kachwaha Rajputra clan is believed to have settled in an early era at Rohtas in present-day Bihar, later the clan migrated to Rajasthan. Dhola Rae then subjugated the Sihra Gotra of Meena clan at much later on known as Jamwa Ramgarh near Jaipur, and transferred his capital thence.
DEATH OF DOLA RAI
DolaRai then became the son-in-law of the prince of Ajmer. After that Dola Rai died when battling 11,000 Meenas but most of whom he slew.
INVASION OF MAIDUL RAI
Dola Rai's son Maidul Rai made a conquest of Amber from the Soosawut Meenas by conspiracy whose King Raja Bhanu Singh Meena, was the head of the Meena confederation. He subdued the Nandla Meenas, annexed the Gatoor-Gatti district.
King Hoondeo succeeded Maidul Rai to the Rajaputra throne and he continued the warfare against the Meenas.
king Koontal, his successor, fought the Meenas, in which the Meenas were defeated with great slaughter, which expanded his rule throughout Dhundhar in 1129 AD. Dhundhar had been a Meena kingdom earlier.
Bundi town was captured by Rao Dewa who was a Hara Rajput in A.D 1342 and Chopoli fell to the Muslim invaders.
AMBER
The Meenas were the original builders of Amber town, which they consecrated to Amba, the Mother Goddess.
The goddess Amba was called by them as Gatta Rani or Queen of the Pass.
Amer town was known in the medieval period as Dhundar. Dhundar was the name of a sacrifice giving mount in the western frontiers.
Kachwaha rulers conquered it in 1037 AD. Most of the structures here were built during the time of Raja Mansingh I (1590-1614 AD).
MEENA DYNASTY
ReplyDeleteTURKISH ATTACK
Meenas were settled in the Sunam town of present Hanumangarh.
Sultan Mohammad Tughlaq destroyed the rebellious Jat and Meenas' organization 'Mandal' of Sunam and Samana and he took the rebel chiefs to Delhi and converted them to Islam.
MUGHAL ATTACK
The Kachwaha Rajput ruler Bharmal of Amber always attacked Nahan Meena kingdom, but Bharmal could not succeed against Bada Meena. Akbar had asked Rao Bada Meena to marry his daughter to him but refused. Later Bharmal married his daughter Jodha to Akbar. Then the combined army of Akbar and Bharmal launched a big attack and destroyed the Meena kingdom. The treasury of the Meenas was shared between Akbar and Bharmal. Bharmal kept the treasure in Jaigarh Fort near Amber.
Until 1727AD the former meena capital Amer remained as capital of Kachwaha Rajputs. Jai Singh II settled in the city of Jaipur in 1727 AD and made his capital in the new city.
In 1727 AD that the capital of Rajastan was shifted to newly built city Jaipur city which was 14 km away from Amer.
FALL OF MEENA CLAN
There is a clear mention of Matsya Janapada in ancient texts, whose capital was Virat Nagar, which is now Jaipur Vairath. This Mastya territory included the area around Alwar, Bharatpur and Jaipur. Even today the Meena people live in large numbers in this area.
According to the trubal history called bhatas or jaga of Meena caste, there are 12 pals, 32 tads and 5248 gotras in the Meena caste.
Meena Samaj also resides in about 23 districts of Madhya Pradesh.
Originally the Meenas were a ruling caste, and were the rulers of the Matsyas, i.e., Rajasthan or the Matsya confederacy. But their decline began with assimilation with the Scythians.
The Meena kings were the early rulers of major parts of Rajasthan including Amber in Jaipur.
In the book 'Culture and Unity of Indian Castes' by "R.S. Mann" it is said that Meenas are considered as a Kshatriya caste similar to Rajputs but have been mentioned in history very little.
In ancient times Rajasthan was ruled by the kings of Meena dynasty. Meena kingdom was called the fish state. The kingdom of Matsya in Sanskrit was mentioned in the Rigveda. Later the Bhils and Meenas mixed with foreigners who had come from Sindh, Hepthalites or other Central Asian factions.
Meena mainly worshiped Lord Pisces and Shiva. The Meenas have had better rights for women than many other Hindu castes. Remarriage of widows and divorcees is a common practice and is well accepted in Meena society. Such practices are part of the Vedic civilization.
During the years of invasion by Turks, and the result of severe famine in 1868, many brigand groups were formed under the stress of destruction. As a result, hungry families were forced to steal and eat cattle to to deviate from their traditions.
British government branded Meena clans into a "criminal caste". This action was a decision taken to support of British alliance with the Rajput kingdom in Rajasthan. Meena tribes were still at war with the Rajputs, indulging in guerilla attacks to capture their lost kingdoms.
From the Mughal records of medieval period to the records of British Raj, the Meenas have been described as violent, plundering criminals and an anti-social ethnic tribal group
MEENA DYNASTY
ReplyDeleteCLANS OF MEENA.
Zamindar or Puranavasi Meena
Zamindar or Puranavasi Meena are those who have been doing agriculture and animal husbandry for many years. These people are maximum in Sawai Madhopur, Karauli, Dausa and Jaipur districts of Rajasthan.
Chowkidar or Nayabasi Meena
Chowkidar or Nayabasi Meena are those Meenas who used to work as watchmen due to their independent nature. They did not have land, so they settled wherever they wanted. For these reasons, they are also called Nayabasi. These people are in maximum number in Sikar, Jhunjhunu, and Jaipur districts.
Pratihara or Padihar Meena
Pratihar or Padihar is a gotra and is not a separate Meena clan. Meenas of this gotra are found in abundance in Tonk, Bhilwara, and Bundi districts. This gotra has a different identity due to its dominance. The literal meaning of Pratihara is to strike back. These people were clever in guerilla warfare skills, hence they were called Pratiharas.
Bhil Meena
These people mainly reside in Sirohi, Udaipur, Banswara, Dungarpur and Chittorgarh districts.
ACCIDENTAL INCLUSION OF MEENAS AS SCHEDULED TRIBE
In 1954 when the National SC/ ST commission was set up it wanted to recommend a section of "Bhil Meenas" who were living at South eastern Rajput, and adjoining areas of Madhyapradesh and Gujarat. Meenas were a rich land owning class having Zamindars. However when the report of the National SC /ST commission was published there was a simple printing error which was the result of unnecessary inclusion of a Comma. instead of "Bhil Meenas" by mistake "Bhil, Meena" had been printed making rich landowning class of Meenas also were eligible to ST status.
Thus Meenas got a major share in the reservation for tribal people in the Government jobs.
Thus Meena caste of Rajasthan is treated as Rajput and also considered as Scheduled Tribe in the same State.
MAJOR STATES AND CLANS OF MEENA CASTE
CHANDA DYNASTY of Khohgang (Similar to Santar)
SIHRA or SEROH Dynasty of Manch (Similar to Chera)
NADHALA dynasties of Gator and Jhotwara (Similar to Nadar, Nadalwar)
Susawat Dynasty of Amer
Rao Bakho of Nayala Deodwal or Darwal dynasty
Gomaladu dynasty of Nahan (Maladu or Miladu meant hill country. Maladu was a title used by Malayar subgroup of Villavars)
Tattoo Dynasty of Ranthambore
NADHALA dynasty (Similar to Nadar, Nadalvar)
Ushara and Motish dynasty of Bundi
Mewar's Meena Dynasty (Similar to Meenavar)
Mathasula and Narethka Byadwal
NATTHARWAL (Similar to Nadar, Nadalvar)
VILLAVAR -MEENAVAR TITLE AND BHIL-MEENA TITLES
1. VILLAVAR = BHIL
2. MALAYAR= MER, MEHAR, MERON, MEWAR, MEVASI
3. VANAVAR=BANA, VANA
4. MEENAVAR=MEENA
5. NADAR, NADALWAR=NADHALA, NATHARWAL
6. SANTAR, CHANDAR=CHANDA
7. CHERA=SEROH
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Nadar and Meena clans are brothers separated in prehistory
https://indianmeena.blogspot.com/2020/09/
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AMER FORT
https://m.facebook.com/IndiaLostFound/photos/amer-was-originally-a-meena-kingdom-town-by-the-name-of-khagong-ruled-by-the-cha/1483561208493832/
AMER FORT
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amber_Fort
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MEENA
http://meenawiki.com/index.php?title=Meenas&setlang=hi
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Meena clans are equal to Rajaputra and also Scheduled tribe in the same state
https://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/lsdeb/ls10/ses5/3027119201.htm
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