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THE BHAGAVAD GITA columbia.edu

http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00routesdata/0100_0199/gita/patachitra/patachitra.html

*Maha-bharata*	The Gita is located just at the beginning of the great battle of Kurukshetra, described in the great epic "Mahabharata," which may be the longest epic poem in the world
	The classic scene in which the Gita is spoken by Krishna to Arjuna on the battlefield is here depicted in Orissan pata-chitra versions
	Versions in kalamkari, from Andhra Pradesh
	And in Madhubani, from Bihar
	And in Tanjore style, from Thanjavur
	And in metalwork
	And in modern printed form
	A new, huge ISKCON image, reimagining the setting in terms of Mughal and Rajput miniature painting conventions

	Krishna's revelation to Arjuna of his cosmic self is depicted in kalamkari (though not half as terrifyingly as in the text itself)
	And in Madhubani style
	And in painting
	And in modern printed forms

	After the lesson, Arjuna is ready to launch the great fratricidal war, and Krishna urges the horses into battle, as shown in batik form
	And in modern printed form as well

content for

A modern Orissan pata-chitra of the famous opening Gita scene

Source: ebay, June 2001

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The lesson of the Gita; a modern pata-chitra painting from Orissa

Source: http://www.exoticindiaart.com/paintings/PC60
(downloaded March 2001)

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A more colorful pata-chitra version

Source: http://exoticindia.com/product/PD71/
(downloaded Dec. 2004)

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Another modern version

Source: http://www.exoticindia.com/product/PE54/
(downloaded July 2005)

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== Indian Routes index == Indian Routes sitemap == Glossary == FWP's main page ==

0100_0199/gita/vishvaprints/vishvaprints.html

Vishnu Avatar

0100_0199/gita/vishvaprints/vishvaprints.html

A print from the Ravi Varma Press, c.1910's

Source: ebay, Nov. 2006

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Another version, with no fangs: a bazaar art print from c.1910-20

Source: ebay,  Feb. 2006

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A Vishva-rupa print, Bombay, earlier 1900's

Source: ebay, June 2002

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Another early print of the same scene; click on the image for a very large scan

Source: Bought on ebay and scanned by FWP, Apr. 2009

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A print by C. Konddiah Raja, c.1950's

Source: ebay, May 2006

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Bazaar art, c. mid-1900's

Source: ebay, May 2007

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A modern religious poster

Source: ebay, Sept. 2008

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"The universal form," from an ISKCON (International Society for Krishna Consciousness) website

Source: http://www.asitis.com/gallery/plate31.html
(downloaded Nov. 1999)

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Bazaar art, c.1980's; this one seems to suggest a little of the "fire of time" imagery

Source: ebay, Dec. 2007

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Bazaar art, c.1990's

Source: ebay, Apr. 2008

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Bazaar art, c.1990's; two gold-bordered versions

Source: ebay, Oct. 2008

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== Indian Routes index == Indian Routes sitemap == Glossary == FWP's main page ==

the battlefield of Kurukshetra,

On the battlefield of Kurukshetra, Krishna prepares to instruct Arjuna, a modern poster

Source: http://spiritweb.org/Spirit/image-gallery.html?topic=Vedic%20Deity
(downloaded Oct. 1999)

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Another representation of the scene

Source: http://www.bhagvatgita.com/krishna2.jpg
(downloaded Dec. 2004)

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Bazaar art print, c.1940's

Source: ebay, May 2005

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A didactic print from the 1960's that uses the Gita scene as a focal point for general religious instruction

Source: ebay,  Mar. 2006

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Krishna appears simultaneously as charioteer and as deity (bazaar art, c.1990's)

Source: ebay, Sept. 2008

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== Indian Routes index == Indian Routes sitemap == Glossary == FWP's main page ==

Religious customs in Narsinga (an old name for Vijayanagar); from a five-volume set of travel accounts of 'India Orientalis' and elsewhere, by Johann Theodore de Bry and Johann Israel de Bry, Frankfurt, c.1599; more engravings from this work, some with modern hand coloring:

*Some Arab and Ethiopian inhabitants of Goa*
*Fishing boats of Goa and Cochin*
*"A foist with a Portuguese pavilion"*
*A shipwreck during a voyage that included Goa and Point de Galle*
*"Illustration of a certain horrible robbery, perpetrated in the state of Goa" [a wife conspires to rub and murder her husband]*
*Wedding rituals in Ballagate, near Goa*; *the whole page*
*Funeral rituals in Ballagate*; *the whole page*
*"Balliadera" [bayadere]*; *the whole page*
 *Village life in India*; *the whole page*
*Brahmins and merchants*; *the whole page*

*The King of Bali*
*View of a market in Bantam*
*People of Malacca*
*People of Sumatra*
*Javanese dancers*
*Javanese drummers*
*A council in Java*
*A Javanese trireme*
*An attack on a Dutch ship in Java*
*Dutch ships in Amboina*

*People of the Euphrates*

*Nomination of a regent in China*

*Women warriors of Monomotapa, southern Africa*

*Dutch warships in Portugal*

*Mexicans killing captives*
*Dutch warships off the island of Brava, Costa Rica*
*The Dutch in the island of Mocha, Chile*

Source: ebay, Jan. 2008

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== Indian Routes index == Indian Routes sitemap == Glossary == FWP's main page ==

Ramayana

Ramayana is one of the two major Sanskrit epics of ancient India.

The epic, traditionally ascribed to the Maharishi Valmiki, narrates the life of Rama, the legendary Kosala Kingdom. It follows his fourteen-year exile to the forest by his father King Dasharatha, on request of his step-mother Kaikeyi, his travels across forests in India with his wife Sita and brother Lakshmana, the kidnapping of his wife by Ravana, the great king of Lanka, resulting in a war with him and Ram's eventual return to Ayodhya to be crowned king. This is the culmination point of the epic. It is considered a sacred book, and is read by millions of people.

THE #RAMAYANA

The series was reaired during the 2020 Coronavirus lockdown 

and broke several viewership records globally which includes setting the record for one of the most watched TV show ever in the world,

with 77 million viewers on 16 April 2020.

Ramayana, Ramayan, or Ramayanam may also refer to:

Ramayana and it's version :

Ramayana Author Valmiki

Ramcharitmanas Author Tulsidas

For more detailed version click here

Lord shree Ram

Ramayana takes place during a period of time known as Treta Yuga

The Ramayana is one of the largest ancient epics in world literature. It consists of nearly 24,000 verses (mostly set in the Shloka/Anustubh meter), divided into six kāṇḍas: the bālakāṇḍa, the ayodhyakāṇḍa, the araṇyakāṇḍa, the kiṣkindakāṇḍa, the sundarākāṇḍa, and the laṅkākāṇḍa. and about 500 sargas (chapters).

There are many versions of Ramayana in Indian languages, besides Buddhist, Sikh, and Jain adaptations. There are also Cambodian, Indonesian, Filipino, Thai, Lao, Burmese and Malaysian versions of the tale.

• 

  Ram,lakshman,and sita in forest

• 

  During 14 year exile

• 

  Lord Hanuman

Ramayana image

RA-MA-YAN Around the world! Versions of the epic RA-MA-YAN

Shri Rama was worshiped all over the world by people, emperors and Kings in the past during ancient times; and people worldwide followed Sanatan-Vedic-Dharma (Hinduism) once. There are many evidences — archeological and linguistic — in support of this there was influence of Vedic Hinduism all over the world once e.g. The discovery of half-man half-lion deity belonging to 38000 BCE period (40,000 Years old) in a cave named Stadel-Höhle in Hohlenstein (Stadel cave in Hohlenstein Mountain) in the Lonetal (Lone valley) in the Swabian Alb, Germany. There was another news of an ancient Vishnu idol found during excavation in an old village in Russia's Volga region.

Vedic Hinduism was the ancient religion of the present west-Asia. In world war-I, Indian soldiers while returning from Egypt, Libya etc, they saw ancient remains and carvings of Bhagavan Shri Rama and other Hindu gods. Here is one of those ancient remains and carvings from Iraq:

An ancient carving of Sri Rama and Hanumana from Silemania in Iraq

To be continued......

Comment and tell me if you know about any version of Ramayana?

Note*MEENA'S : Legends of Rajasthan both article relates

Meenas bathed with their dead bodies

Kachwaha Rajputs was termed as most coward and shameful in history of Rajasthan.

The Meena King (Raja Ralun Singh) also known as Alan Singh Chanda of Khogong. Kind-heartedly adopted a stranded Rajput mother and her child who sought refuge in his realm. Later, the Meena king sent the child, Dhola Rae, to Delhi to represent the Meena kingdom.

The Rajput, in gratitude for these favours, returned with Rajput conspirers and massacred the weaponless Meenas on Diwali while performing rituals i.e. Pitra Trapan, it is customary in the Meenas to be weaponless at the time of PitraTrapan,

Pitra Trapan

"Filling the reservoirs in which the Meenas bathed with their dead bodies"

[Tod.II.281] and thus conquered Khogong. This act of Kachwaha Rajputs was termed as most coward and shameful in history . REF:- coward kachwaha

"Meenas bathed with their dead bodies"

Though historian Tod was fond of Rajputs and their history,but this betrayal of Kachwaha Rajputs was termed as one of the most shameful and coward act in history of India by him. T.H. Henley,states in his Rulers of India and the Chiefs of Rajputana (1897) . He said that meena will never give up that's why RAJPUT and British attack them while they are weaponless .Rajasthan history states that

The Kachwaha clan is believed to have settled in an early era at Rohtas in present-day Bihar, later the clan migrated to Rajasthan. Dhola Rae then subjugated the Sihra Gotra of Meenas at much later on known as Jamwa Ramgarh near Jaipur, and transferred his capital thence

Becoming the son-in-law of the prince of Ajmer, he died when battling 11,000 Meenas,most of whom he slew [Tod.II.282]. His son Maidul Rae "made a conquest of Amber from the Soosawut Meenas" by conspiracy whose King Raja Bhanu Singh Meena, was the head of the Meena confederation. He subdued the Nandla Meenas, annexing the Gatoor-Gatti district [Tod.II.282]. Hoondeo succeeded to the throne and "continued the warfare against the Meenas" [Tod.II.282]. Koontal, his successor, fought the Meenas "in which the Meenas were defeated with great slaughter, which secured his rule throughout Dhundhar" [Tod.II.282]. The Meenas were the original builders of Amber, which town they consecrated to Amba, the Mother Goddess,

Whom they knew as "Gatta Rani" or"Queen of the Pass" [Tod.II.282]. Amer was known in the medieval period as Dhundar (meaning attributed to a sacrificial mount in the western frontiers).  

https://twitter.com/meenatribe?s=09

Rajasthani people or Rajasthanis are an Indian ethnic group native to

Rajasthan ("the land of kingdoms") ^{region of India.}

The first mention of word Rajasthan comes from the works of George Thomas (Military Memories) and James Tod (Annals). Rajasthan literally means a Land of Kingdoms

The history of Rajasthan goes back as far as Indus Valley Civilization

Oldest Kingdom of Rajasthan

The state of Alwar, in north-eastern Rajasthan, is possibly the oldest kingdom in Rajasthan. Around 1500 BC.

It formed a part of the Matsya territories of Viratnagar (present-day Bairat) encompassing Bharatpur, Dholpur, and Karauli.

Castes and communities

Noblemen from Jaipur 1875

Major sub ethnic groups are Sirvi, Ahirs, Jats, Khatiks, Rajputs, Rabari, Gurjars, Bhils, Meenas, Brahmins, Mali Rajputs, Meghval, Chamar, Kholis, Agrawal, Jains, Kumhar, Chippa etc.

Criminal tribe!

There are few other tribal communities in Rajasthan, such as Meena and Bhils. The Ghoomar dance is one well-known aspect of Bhil tribe. Meena and Bhils were employed as soldiers by Rajputs for their bravery and martial capabilities. Meenas, in ancient times, were ruler of Matsya, i.e., Rajasthan or Matsya Union.However, during colonial rule, the British government declared 250 groups ^{which included Meenas, Gujars, etc. as "criminal tribes". Any group or community that took arms and opposed British rule were branded as criminal by the British government in 1871.} 

MANU the first human

MATSYA the first Avatar of Lord Vishnu

MEENA'S the first human tribe